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  1. The incidence of intramedullary infection is increasing with increased use of intramedullary fixation for long bone fractures. However, appropriate treatment for infection after intramedullary nailing is uncle...

    Authors: Hong-An Zhang, Chun-Hao Zhou, Xiang-Qing Meng, Jia Fang and Cheng-He Qin

    Citation: BMC Musculoskeletal Disorders 2020 21:710

    Content type: Research article

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  2. Clinical studies have found that manipulations have a good clinical effect on sacroiliac joint (SIJ) pain without specific causes. However, the specific mechanisms underlying the effect of manipulations are st...

    Authors: Zhun Xu, Yikai Li, Shaoqun Zhang, Liqing Liao, Kai Wu, Ziyu Feng and Dan Li

    Citation: BMC Musculoskeletal Disorders 2020 21:709

    Content type: Research article

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  3. The Pictorial Fear of Activity Scale-Cervical (PFActS-C) is a reliable and valid instrument to assess fear of movement in people with whiplash associated disorders. It is not available in Dutch and has not bee...

    Authors: Maaike Kragting, Lennard Voogt, Koen I. Neijenhuijs, Annelies L. Pool-Goudzwaard and Michel W. Coppieters

    Citation: BMC Musculoskeletal Disorders 2020 21:708

    Content type: Research article

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  4. Lateral condylar humerus fractures (LCHFs) are the second most common pediatric distal humerus fractures. Open reduction and internal fixation is recommended for fractures displaced by more than 2 mm. Few stud...

    Authors: Li-wei Xie, Juan Wang, Zhi-qiang Deng, Ren-huan Zhao, Wei Chen, Chi Kang, Jia-jun Ye, Xin Liu, Ying Zhou and Hai Shen

    Citation: BMC Musculoskeletal Disorders 2020 21:707

    Content type: Research article

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  5. Periprosthetic joint infection (PJI) is a catastrophic complication after total knee or hip arthroplasty. The diagnosis of PJI is very difficult, especially in the early postoperative period. The value of the ...

    Authors: Bao-Zhan Yu, Jun Fu, Wei Chai, Li-Bo Hao and Ji-Ying Chen

    Citation: BMC Musculoskeletal Disorders 2020 21:706

    Content type: Research article

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  6. Patellofemoral pain (PFP) is the most prevalent orthopedic problem in active young adults. Due to its multifactorial etiology, a variety of therapeutic measures have been adopted to treat PFP, including exerci...

    Authors: Ebrahim Rasti, Zahra Rojhani-Shirazi, Naghmeh Ebrahimi and Mohammad Reza Sobhan

    Citation: BMC Musculoskeletal Disorders 2020 21:705

    Content type: Research article

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  7. Retraction of transporting bone segment (TBS) may occur when the fixator of the TBS is removed prior to full consolidation of the distracted callus, which has adverse effect on the healing of the docking site....

    Authors: Yunhong Ma, Qudong Yin, Yongwei Wu, Zongnan Wang, Zhenzhong Sun, Sanjun Gu, Yongjun Rui and Xiaofei Han

    Citation: BMC Musculoskeletal Disorders 2020 21:704

    Content type: Research article

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  8. Among the paraspinal muscles, the structure and function of the lumbar multifidus (LM) has become of great interest to researchers and clinicians involved in lower back pain and muscle rehabilitation. Ultrasou...

    Authors: Clyde J. Belasso, Bahareh Behboodi, Habib Benali, Mathieu Boily, Hassan Rivaz and Maryse Fortin

    Citation: BMC Musculoskeletal Disorders 2020 21:703

    Content type: Database

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  9. The 2013 American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons (AAOS) guidelines made strong recommendations against intraarticular hyaluronic acid (IAHA) for patients with knee osteoarthritis (OA), as evidence supporting ...

    Authors: Charles D. Hummer, Felix Angst, Wilson Ngai, Craig Whittington, Sophie S. Yoon, Lionel Duarte, Colleen Manitt and Emil Schemitsch

    Citation: BMC Musculoskeletal Disorders 2020 21:702

    Content type: Research article

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  10. Acromioclavicular (AC) separation can be treated with the use of a hook plate. Some studies have reported that coracoclavicular (CC) ligament augmentation is necessary to reduce the complications of hook plate...

    Authors: Chung-Ting Liu and Ten-Fang Yang

    Citation: BMC Musculoskeletal Disorders 2020 21:701

    Content type: Research article

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  11. Femoral neck fracture (FNF) is among the commonest fractures affecting the geriatric population. Hemiarthroplasty (HA) is a standard treatment procedure and has been performed by hip surgeons for decades. Rece...

    Authors: Chi-Yung Yeung, Shang-Wen Tsai, Po-Kuei Wu, Cheng-Fong Chen, Ming-Chau Chang and Wei-Ming Chen

    Citation: BMC Musculoskeletal Disorders 2020 21:700

    Content type: Research article

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  12. For improved outcomes in total knee arthroplasty (TKA) correct implant fitting and positioning are crucial. In order to facilitate a best possible implant fitting and positioning patient-specific systems have ...

    Authors: Jörg Arnholdt, Yama Kamawal, Konstantin Horas, Boris M. Holzapfel, Fabian Gilbert, Axel Ripp, Maximilian Rudert and Andre F. Steinert

    Citation: BMC Musculoskeletal Disorders 2020 21:699

    Content type: Research article

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  13. Low back pain is common and a significant number of patients experience chronic low back pain. Current treatment options offer small to moderate effects. Patients with vertebral bone marrow lesions visualized ...

    Authors: Elisabeth Gjefsen, Lars Christian Haugli Bråten, Guro Løvik Goll, Monica Wigemyr, Nils Bolstad, Morten Valberg, Elina Iordanova Schistad, Gunn Hege Marchand, Fredrik Granviken, Kaja Kristine Selmer, Anne Froholdt, Anne Julsrud Haugen, Magnhild Hammersland Dagestad, Nils Vetti, Gunnstein Bakland, Benedicte Alexandra Lie…

    Citation: BMC Musculoskeletal Disorders 2020 21:698

    Content type: Study protocol

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  14. Vascular injury is a very rare complication following arthroscopic knee surgery. This is the first report of pseudoaneurysm at the saphenous branch of the descending genicular artery complicating semitendinosu...

    Authors: Chung-Wei Ho, Shih-Han Lee, Shen-Han Wu, Chun-Yu Lin, Chian-Her Lee and Jia-Lin Wu

    Citation: BMC Musculoskeletal Disorders 2020 21:697

    Content type: Case report

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  16. In this study, we aimed to compare the efficacy of corticosteroid trigger point injection (TPI) versus extracorporeal shock wave therapy (ESWT) on inferior trigger points in the quadratus lumborum (QL) muscle.

    Authors: Bina Eftekharsadat, Negar Fasaie, Dina Golalizadeh, Arash Babaei-Ghazani, Fatemeh Jahanjou, Yashar Eslampoor and Neda Dolatkhah

    Citation: BMC Musculoskeletal Disorders 2020 21:695

    Content type: Research article

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  17. The periprosthetic joint infection (PJI) is a severe complication in the field of arthroplasty. Despite the rising number of primary joint replacements, no unified therapeutic standard has been established for...

    Authors: Christina Rimke, Andreas Enz, Hermann Josef Bail, Peter Heppt, Bernd Kladny, Gabriela von Lewinski, Christoph H. Lohmann, Katrin Osmanski-Zenk, Holger Haas and Wolfram Mittelmeier

    Citation: BMC Musculoskeletal Disorders 2020 21:694

    Content type: Research article

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  18. Osteoporosis affects elderly patients of both sexes. It is characterized by an increased fracture risk due to defective remodeling of the bone microarchitecture. It affects in particular postmenopausal women d...

    Authors: K. Jäckle, J. P. Kolb, A. F. Schilling, C. Schlickewei, M. Amling, J. M. Rueger and W. Lehmann

    Citation: BMC Musculoskeletal Disorders 2020 21:693

    Content type: Research article

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  19. Polyether-ether-ketone (PEEK) is increasingly being used for spinal applications. However, because of its biologically inactive nature, there are risks of false joint loosening and sinking. PEEK materials are ...

    Authors: Sachiko Kawasaki, Yusuke Inagaki, Manabu Akahane, Akira Furukawa, Hideki Shigematsu and Yasuhito Tanaka

    Citation: BMC Musculoskeletal Disorders 2020 21:692

    Content type: Research article

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  20. Subcutaneous adipose tissue represents an abundant source of multipotent adult stem cells named as Adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs). With a cell sheet approach, ADSCs survive longer, and can be delivered in ...

    Authors: Tomoharu Takagi, Tamon Kabata, Katsuhiro Hayashi, Xiang Fang, Yoshitomo Kajino, Daisuke Inoue, Takaaki Ohmori, Takuro Ueno, Junya Yoshitani, Ken Ueoka, Yuki Yamamuro and Hiroyuki Tsuchiya

    Citation: BMC Musculoskeletal Disorders 2020 21:691

    Content type: Research article

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  21. Lumbar disc herniation (LDH) is mainly caused by annular fiber disruption with a discrete leakage of nucleus pulposus pressing on a nerve, resulting in back pain and radiating pain. Most patients with LDH can ...

    Authors: Feng Dai, Yu Xiang Dai, Hong Jiang, Peng Fei Yu and Jin Tao Liu

    Citation: BMC Musculoskeletal Disorders 2020 21:690

    Content type: Research article

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  22. Scaffolds have considerably advanced in recent years. In orthopaedic surgery, scaffolds have been used as grafts in procedures involving tendon and ligament reconstruction. This paper aimed to produce and eval...

    Authors: Alex de Lima Santos, Camila Gonzaga da Silva, Leticia Siqueira de Sá Barreto, Katia Ramos Moreira Leite, Marcel Jun Sugawara Tamaoki, Lydia Massako Ferreira, Fernando Gonçalves de Almeida and Flavio Faloppa

    Citation: BMC Musculoskeletal Disorders 2020 21:689

    Content type: Research article

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  23. The impact of high dislocated dysplastic hips on spinal-pelvic alignment has not been well described. This study aims to evaluate compensatory spinal radiographic changes and presence of back pain in patients ...

    Authors: Peng Ren, Xiangpeng Kong, Wei Chai and Yan Wang

    Citation: BMC Musculoskeletal Disorders 2020 21:688

    Content type: Research article

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  24. This study aims (1) to estimate the yearly number of Achilles tendon (AT) surgeries in Italy from 2001 to 2015 based on official hospitalization records; (2) to investigate the eventual presence of geographica...

    Authors: UG Longo, Giuseppe Salvatore, Laura Risi Ambrogioni, Eleonora Cella, Vincenzo Candela, Arianna Carnevale, Emiliano Schena, Massimo Ciccozzi, Nicola Maffulli and Vincenzo Denaro

    Citation: BMC Musculoskeletal Disorders 2020 21:687

    Content type: Research article

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  25. Musculoskeletal disorders can reduce the quality of life and work capacity. The study assessed handgrip strength (HGS) in relation to low back pain and arthralgia in Kurdish men.

    Authors: Yahya Pasdar, Behrooz Hamzeh, Shima Moradi, Sahar Cheshmeh, Farid Najafi, Mehdi Moradinazar, Mohammad Bagher Shamsi and Ebrahim Shakiba

    Citation: BMC Musculoskeletal Disorders 2020 21:686

    Content type: Research article

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  26. Goldenhar syndrome sometimes displays progressive scoliosis and other spinal deformities that require treatment. However, few reports exist on scoliosis correction in Goldenhar syndrome. We described the rare ...

    Authors: Masashi Uehara, Shugo Kuraishi, Shota Ikegami, Hiroki Oba, Takashi Takizawa, Ryo Munakata, Terue Hatakenaka, Tetsuhiko Mimura and Jun Takahashi

    Citation: BMC Musculoskeletal Disorders 2020 21:685

    Content type: Case report

    Published on:

  27. Knee Osteoarthritis (OA) is a leading cause of global disability. The Collaborative Model of Care between Orthopaedics and Allied Healthcare Professionals (CONNACT) Model of Care (MoC) was developed by optimizing...

    Authors: Bryan Yijia Tan, Michelle Jessica Pereira, Su-Yin Yang, David J. Hunter, Soren Thorgaard Skou, Julian Thumboo and Josip Car

    Citation: BMC Musculoskeletal Disorders 2020 21:684

    Content type: Study protocol

    Published on:

  28. Scaphoid excision and four-corner arthrodesis is an acceptable salvage procedure for the treatment of scapholunate advanced collapse (SLAC) and scaphoid nonunion advanced collapse (SNAC) wrists, since first po...

    Authors: Yukichi Zenke, Toshihisa Oshige, Kunitaka Menuki, Hideyuki Hirasawa, Yoshiaki Yamanaka, Takafumi Tajima, Kenji Kosugi and Akinori Sakai

    Citation: BMC Musculoskeletal Disorders 2020 21:683

    Content type: Research article

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  29. The aim of this study was to determine whether computer-aided training (CAT) of motor tasks would increase muscle activity and change its spatial distribution in a patient with a bilateral upper-limb congenita...

    Authors: Katarzyna Kisiel-Sajewicz, Jarosław Marusiak, Mónica Rojas-Martínez, Damian Janecki, Sławomir Chomiak, Łukasz Kamiński, Joanna Mencel, Miguel Ángel Mañanas, Artur Jaskólski and Anna Jaskólska

    Citation: BMC Musculoskeletal Disorders 2020 21:682

    Content type: Case report

    Published on:

  30. Inflammatory diseases are chronic autoimmune systemic autoimmune diseases, which may increase the risk of prosthetic joint infection (PJI) after total joint arthroplasty (TJA). However, to our best knowledge, ...

    Authors: Qiao Jiang, Jun Fu, Wei Chai, Li-Bo Hao, Yong-Gang Zhou, Chi Xu and Ji-Ying Chen

    Citation: BMC Musculoskeletal Disorders 2020 21:681

    Content type: Research article

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  31. Regarding the increasing application of neuromusculoskeletal sonography among medical specialties, specifically physiatrists, this study aims to assess the knowledge and skill level of these specialists in neu...

    Authors: Leyla Khodadadi, Afshin Karimzade, Seyed Mansoor Rayegani, Nafisseh Jafarian, Seyed Ahmad Raeissadat, Sina Yasrebi, Arash Babaei-Ghazani and Bina Eftekharsadat

    Citation: BMC Musculoskeletal Disorders 2020 21:680

    Content type: Research article

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  32. Dexterity impairments caused by carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) make working and daily activities challenging. We aimed to investigate: i) the relationship between dexterity and nerve conduction studies (NCS) in ...

    Authors: Francesco Sartorio, Francesca Dal Negro, Elisabetta Bravini, Giorgio Ferriero, Stefano Corna, Marco Invernizzi and Stefano Vercelli

    Citation: BMC Musculoskeletal Disorders 2020 21:679

    Content type: Research article

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  33. Neck and low back pain represent dynamic conditions that change over time, often with an initial improvement after the onset of a new episode, followed by flare-ups or variations in intensity. Pain trajectorie...

    Authors: P. Irgens, A. Kongsted, B. L. Myhrvold, K. Waagan, K. B. Engebretsen, B. Natvig, N. K. Vøllestad and H. S. Robinson

    Citation: BMC Musculoskeletal Disorders 2020 21:678

    Content type: Research article

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  34. Accidental strangulation due to scarf getting caught in the wheels of a vehicle or machine was called “Isadora Duncan Syndrome” or “Long Scarf Syndrome”. Survival of concomitant fracture dislocation of cervica...

    Authors: Xiang Li, Fangyong Wang, Junwei Zhang, Yi Hong and Yong Yang

    Citation: BMC Musculoskeletal Disorders 2020 21:677

    Content type: Case report

    Published on:

  35. An understanding of the average range of movement of the shoulder that is normally achievable is an important part of treatment for shoulder disorders. The average range of active shoulder flexion, abduction a...

    Authors: Tiffany K. Gill, E. Michael Shanahan, Graeme R. Tucker, Rachelle Buchbinder and Catherine L. Hill

    Citation: BMC Musculoskeletal Disorders 2020 21:676

    Content type: Research article

    Published on:

  36. The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between the bony correction angle and mechanical axis change and their differences between closed wedge high tibial osteotomy (CWHTO) and open wedg...

    Authors: Takahiro Ogino, Ken Kumagai, Shunsuke Yamada, Tomotaka Akamatsu, Shuntaro Nejima, Masaichi Sotozawa and Yutaka Inaba

    Citation: BMC Musculoskeletal Disorders 2020 21:675

    Content type: Research article

    Published on:

  37. An amendment to this paper has been published and can be accessed via the original article.

    Authors: Matthias Tegern, Ulrika Aasa, Björn O. Äng and Helena Larsson

    Citation: BMC Musculoskeletal Disorders 2020 21:674

    Content type: Correction

    Published on:

    The original article was published in BMC Musculoskeletal Disorders 2020 21:303

  38. Physiotherapist-led (PT-led) orthopaedic triage is an evolving model of care for patients with musculoskeletal disorders. Objectives for this study were to establish the current evidence body on the impact of ...

    Authors: K. S. Samsson, K. Grimmer, M. E. H. Larsson, J. Morris and S. Bernhardsson

    Citation: BMC Musculoskeletal Disorders 2020 21:673

    Content type: Research article

    Published on:

  39. While some traumatic closed index extensor tendon ruptures at the musclotendinous junction have been previously reported, closed index extensor tendon pseudorupture due to intertendinous attenuation is exceedi...

    Authors: Yusuke Miyashima, Takuya Uemura, Takuya Yokoi, Shunpei Hama, Mitsuhiro Okada, Sadahiko Konishi and Hiroaki Nakamura

    Citation: BMC Musculoskeletal Disorders 2020 21:672

    Content type: Case report

    Published on:

  40. Substantial investment has gone into research on the efficacy and effectiveness of pharmaceutical and nonpharmacologic interventions for chronic pain. However, synthesizing this extensive literature is challen...

    Authors: Patricia M. Herman, Maria O. Edelen, Anthony Rodriguez, Lara G. Hilton and Ron D. Hays

    Citation: BMC Musculoskeletal Disorders 2020 21:671

    Content type: Study protocol

    Published on:

  42. There are several types of tenodesis reconstruction designed for subtalar instability. However, no comprehensive comparison has been conducted among these procedures in terms of their correcting power so far. ...

    Authors: Xu Can, Li Mingqing, Wang Chenggong and Liu Hua

    Citation: BMC Musculoskeletal Disorders 2020 21:669

    Content type: Research article

    Published on:

  43. The success of shoulder arthroplasty, both reverse and anatomical, depends on correcting the underlying glenoid deformity especially in patients with an osteoarthritis. We hypothesized that the distribution of...

    Authors: Omer Ozel, Robert Hudek, Mohamed S. Abdrabou, Birgit S. Werner and Frank Gohlke

    Citation: BMC Musculoskeletal Disorders 2020 21:668

    Content type: Research article

    Published on:

  44. Several cup anteversion measurements for post-operative total hip arthroplasty (THA) surgery have been described. We developed the standardized Liaw’s trigonometric method to eliminate the influence of patient...

    Authors: Kuei-Lin Yeh, Tai-Yin Wu, Hsuan-Hsiao Ma, Sheng-Mou Hou and Chen-Kun Liaw

    Citation: BMC Musculoskeletal Disorders 2020 21:667

    Content type: Research article

    Published on:

  45. Musculoskeletal (MSK) pain affects many people worldwide and has a great impact on general health and quality of life. However, the relationship between MSK pain and mortality is not clear. This study aimed to...

    Authors: Teresa Holmberg, Michael Davidsen, Lau Caspar Thygesen, Mikala Josefine Krøll and Janne Schurmann Tolstrup

    Citation: BMC Musculoskeletal Disorders 2020 21:666

    Content type: Research article

    Published on:

  46. Halo traction has been used as an adjunctive method in the treatment of severe spinal deformities. But there are few reports on the clinical efficacy of halo-pelvic traction (HPT) in the treatment of severe sp...

    Authors: Longtao Qi, Beiyu Xu, Chunde Li and Yu Wang

    Citation: BMC Musculoskeletal Disorders 2020 21:665

    Content type: Research article

    Published on:

  47. Hybrid surgery (HS) has become an alternative procedure for the treatment of multilevel cervical degenerative disc disease with satisfactory outcomes. However, some adverse outcomes have recently emerged, such...

    Authors: Junbo He, Hao Liu, Tingkui Wu, Chen Ding, Kangkang Huang, Ying Hong and Beiyu Wang

    Citation: BMC Musculoskeletal Disorders 2020 21:664

    Content type: Research article

    Published on:

  48. A significant proportion of the overall cost of total hip arthroplasty (THA) results from the inpatient hospital stay following the procedure. Considering the substantial and increasing number of these procedu...

    Authors: Bryn O. Zomar, Jacquelyn D. Marsh, Brent A. Lanting and Dianne M. Bryant

    Citation: BMC Musculoskeletal Disorders 2020 21:663

    Content type: Study protocol

    Published on:

  49. Fetal skeletal dysplasia (FSD) comprises a complex group of systemic bone and cartilage disorders. Many FSD phenotypes have indistinct definitions, making definitive prenatal diagnosis difficult. The condition...

    Authors: Miyoko Waratani, Fumitake Ito, Yukiko Tanaka, Aki Mabuchi, Taisuke Mori and Jo Kitawaki

    Citation: BMC Musculoskeletal Disorders 2020 21:662

    Content type: Research article

    Published on:

  50. Connective tissue dysplasia (CTD) is a risk factor for musculoskeletal disorders. Changes caused by disorganization of collagen and elastin fibers lead to the inability of withstanding heavy mechanical stress....

    Authors: V. N. Nikolenko, M. V. Oganesyan, A. D. Vovkogon, Yu Cao, A. A. Churganova, M. A. Zolotareva, E. E. Achkasov, M. V. Sankova, N. A. Rizaeva and M. Y. Sinelnikov

    Citation: BMC Musculoskeletal Disorders 2020 21:660

    Content type: Research article

    Published on:

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