WHO Scientific group. Prevention and managment of osteoporosis: report of WHO scientific group. 2003. Report No.: WHO Technical Report Series 2003: Vol. 921.
Kanis JA. Assessment of fracture risk and its application to screening for postmenopausal osteoporosis: synopsis of a WHO report. WHO Study Group. Osteoporos Int. 1994;4(6):368–81.
Article
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Osnes EK, Lofthus CM, Meyer HE, Falch JA, Nordsletten L, Cappelen IF, et al. Consequences of hip fracture on activities of daily life and residential needs. Osteoporos Int. 2004;15:567–74.
Article
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Pasco JA, Sanders KM, Hoekstra FM, Henry MJ, Nicholson GC, Kotowicz MA. The human cost of fracture. Osteoporos Int. 2005;16:2046–52.
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Klotzbuecher CM, Ross PD, Landsman PB, Abbott III TA, Berger M. Patients with prior fractures have an increased risk of future fractures: a summary of the literature and statistical synthesis. J Bone Miner Res. 2000;15(4):721–39.
Article
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Kanis JA, Johnell O, Oden A, Dawson A, De Laet C, Jonsson B. Ten year probabilities of osteoporotic fractures according to BMD and diagnostic thresholds. Osteoporos Int. 2001;12:989–95.
Article
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Pfeifer M, Sinaki M, Geusens P, Boonen S, Preisinger E, Minne HW. Musculoskeletal rehabilitation in osteoporosis: a review. J Bone Miner Res. 2004;19(8):1208–14.
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Kahn K, McKay H, Kannus R, Bailey D, Wark J, Bennel K. Physical Activity and Bone Health. USA: Human Kinetics; 2001.
Google Scholar
9 Howe TE, Shea B, Dawson LJ, Downie F, Murray A, Ross C, et al. Exercise for preventing and treating osteoporosis in postmenopausal women. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2011;CD000333. doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD000333.pub2.
10 Karlsson MK- Nordqvist A, Nordqvist A, Karlsson C. Physical activity, muscle function, falls and fractures. Food Nutr (Roma) 2008;52. doi: 10.3402/fnr.v52i0.1920.
de Kam D, Smulders E, Weerdesteyn V, Smits-Engelsman BC. Exercise interventions to reduce fall-related fractures and their risk factors in individuals with low bone density: a systematic review of randomized controlled trials. Osteoporos Int. 2009;20:2111–25.
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Gillespie LD, Gillespie WJ, Robertson MC, Lamb SE, Cumming RG, Rowe BH. Interventions for preventing falls in elderly people. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2003;4:CD000340.
PubMed
Google Scholar
Howe TE, Rochester L, Neil F, Skelton DA, Ballinger C. Exercise for improving balance in older people. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2011;9(11):CD004963.
Google Scholar
Li WC, Chen YC, Yang RS, Tsauo JY. Effects of exercise programmes on quality of life in osteoporotic and osteopenic postmenopausal women: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Clin Rehabil. 2009;23(10):888–96.
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Liu CJ, Latham N. Progressive resistance strength training for improving physical function in older adults. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2009;8(3):CD002759.
Google Scholar
Peterson MD, Rhea MR, Sen A, Gordon PM. Resistance exercise for muscular strength in older adults: a meta-analysis. Ageing Res Rev. 2010;9(3):226–37.
Article
PubMed Central
PubMed
Google Scholar
Vuori IM. Dose-response of physical activity and low back pain, osteoarthritis, and osteoporosis. Med Sci Sports Exerc. 2001;33(6):551–86.
Article
Google Scholar
Shaw JM, Snow CM. Weighted vest exercise improves indices of fall risk in older women. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci. 1998;53(1):M53–8.
Article
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Snow CM, Shaw JM, Winters KM, Witzke KA. Long-term exercise using weighted vests prevents hip bone loss in postmenopausal women. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci. 2000;55(9):M489–91.
Article
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Puthoff ML, Darter B, Nielsen DH, Yack HJ. The effect of weighted vest walking on metabolic responses and ground reaction forces. Med Sci Sports Exerc. 2006;38(4):746–52.
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Bergstrom I, Landgren B, Brinck J, Freyschuss B. Physical training preserves bone mineral density in postmenopausal women with forearm fractures and low bone mineral density. Osteoporos Int. 2008;19(2):177–83.
Article
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Carter ND, Khan KM, McKay HA, Petit MA, Waterman C, Heinonen A, et al. Community-based exercise program reduces risk factors for falls in 65- to 75-year-old women with osteoporosis: randomized controlled trial. CMAJ. 2002;167(9):997–1004.
PubMed Central
PubMed
Google Scholar
Malmros B, Mortensen L, Jensen MB, Charles P. Positive effects of physiotherapy on chronic pain and performance in osteoporosis. Osteoporos Int. 1998;8(9):215–21.
Article
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Carter ND, Khan KM, Mallinson A, Janssen PA, Heinonen A, Petit MA, et al. Knee extension strength is a significant determinant of static and dynamic balance as well as quality of life in older community-dwelling women with osteoporosis. Gerontology. 2002;48(6):360–8.
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Hakestad KA, Torstveit MK, Nordsletten L, Axelsson AC, Risberg MA. Exercises including weight vests and a patient education program for women with osteopenia: a feasibility study of the OsteoACTIVE rehabilitation program. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther. 2015;10(1–36):97.
Article
Google Scholar
Gold DT, Silverman SL. Osteoporosis self-management: choices for better bone health. South Med J. 2004;97(6):551–4.
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Eitzen I, Hakestad KA, Risberg MA. Inter- and intrarater reliability of isokinetic thigh muscle strength tests in postmenopausal women with osteopenia. Arch Phys Med Rehabil. 2012;93(3):420–7.
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Lodder MC, Lems WF, Ader HJ, Marthinsen AE, van Coeverden SC, Lips P, et al. Reproducibility of bone mineral density measurement in daily practice. Ann Rheum Dis. 2004;63(3):285–9.
Article
PubMed Central
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Dite W, Temple VA. A clinical test of stepping and change of direction to identify multiple falling older adults. Arch Phys Med Rehabil. 2002;83(110003–9993 (Print)):1566–71.
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Enright PL. The six-minute walk test. Respir Care. 2003;100(4):783–5.
Google Scholar
WIse RA, Brown CD. Minimal clinically important differences in the six-minute walk test and the incremental shuttle walking test. COPD. 2005;2(1):125–9.
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Borg GA. Psychophysical bases of perceived exertion. Med Sci Sports Exerc. 1982;14(5):377–81.
Article
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Ries AL. Minimally clinically important difference for the UCSD Shortness of Breath Questionnaire, Borg Scale, and Visual Analog Scale. COPD. 2005;2(1):105–10.
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Dinger MK, Oman RF, Taylor EL, Vesely SK, Able J. Stability and convergent validity of the Physical Activity Scale for the Elderly (PASE). J Sports Med Phys Fitness. 2004;44(2):186–92.
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Washburn RA, Smith KW, Jette AM, Janney CA. The Physical Activity Scale for the Elderly (PASE): development and evaluation. J Clin Epidemiol. 1993;46(2):153–62.
Article
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Loland N. Reliability of the physical activity scale for the elderly (PASE). Eur J Sport Sci. 2002;2(5):1–12.
Article
Google Scholar
Ware Jr JE, The SCD, MOS. 36-item short-form health survey (SF-36). I. Conceptual framework and item selection. Med Care. 1992;30(6):473–83.
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
McHorney CA, Ware Jr JE, Lu JF, Sherbourne CD. The MOS 36-item Short-Form Health Survey (SF-36): III. Tests of data quality, scaling assumptions, and reliability across diverse patient groups. Med Care. 1994;32(1):40–66.
Article
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Hays RD, Woolley JM. The concept of clinically meaningful difference in health-related quality-of-life research. How meaningful is it? Pharmacoeconomics. 2000;18(5):419–23.
Article
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Risberg MA. Evaluation of knee function after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction. Oslo: Surgical Clinic, Ullevaal Hospital, University of Oslo; 1999.
Google Scholar
Gupta SK. Intention-to-treat concept: a review. Perspect Clin Res. 2011;2(3):109–12.
Article
PubMed Central
PubMed
Google Scholar
Bonaiuti D, Arioli GF, Diana G, Franchignoni F, Giustini A, Monticone M, et al. SIMFER Rehabilitation treatment guidelines in postmenopausal and senile osteoporosis. Eura Medicophys. 2005;41(4):315–37.
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Sayers SP. High-speed power training: a novel approach to resistance training in older men and women. A brief review and pilot study. J Strength Cond Res. 2007;21(2):518–26.
PubMed
Google Scholar
Pereira MA, Kriska AM, Day RD, Cauley JA, LaPorte RE, Kuller LH. A randomized walking trial in postmenopausal women: effects on physical activity and health 10 years later. Arch Intern Med. 1998;158:1695–701.
Article
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Guadalupe-Grau AF, Fuentes TF, Guerra BF, Calbet JA. Exercise and bone mass in adults. Sports Med. 2009;39(6):439–68.
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Kelley GA, Kelley KS, Tran ZV. Resistance training and bone mineral density in women: a meta-analysis of controlled trials. Am J Phys Med Rehabil. 2001;80(1):65–77.
Article
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Gianoudis J, Bailey CA, Ebeling PR, Nowson CA, Sanders KM, Hill KF, et al. Effects of a targeted multimodal exercise program incorporating high-speed power training on falls and fracture risk factors in older adults: a community-based randomized controlled trial. J Bone Miner Res. 2014;29(1):182–91.
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Whitney SL, Marchetti GF, Morris LO, Sparto PJ. The reliability and validity of the four square step test for people with balance deficits secondary to a vestibular disorder. Arch Phys Med Rehabil. 2007;88(1):99–104.
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
ATS statement: guidelines for the six-minute walk test. Am J Respiratory Clin Care Med. 2002;166(1):111–7.
Loge JH, Kaasa S. Short form 36 (SF-36) health survey: normative data from the general Norwegian population. Scand J Soc Med. 1998;26(4):250–8.
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Gold DT, McClung B. Approaches to patient education: emphasizing the long-term value of compliance and persistence. Am J Med. 2006;119(4 Suppl 1):S32–7.
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
McCambridge J, Witton J, Elbourne D. Systematic review of the Hawthorne effect: new concepts are needed to study research participation effects. J Clin Epidemiol. 2014;67(3):267–77.
Article
PubMed Central
PubMed
Google Scholar