Table 1 Properties of material in the lumbar spine finite element models
Component | Young’s modulus (MPa) | Poisson’s ratio |
|---|---|---|
Cortical bone | 12,000 | 0.3 |
Cancellous bone | 100 | 0.2 |
Posterior element | 3500 | 0.25 |
Endplate | 1000 | 0.4 |
Annulus | 4.2 | 0.45 |
Nucleus pulposus | 1.0 | 0.4999 |
Articular cartilage | 10 | 0.4 |
ALL | 7.8 | 0.3 |
PLL | 10 | 0.3 |
LF | 15 | 0.3 |
ISL | 10 | 0.3 |
SSL | 8 | 0.3 |
ITL | 10 | 0.3 |
CL | 7.5 | 0.3 |
PEEK cage | 4000 | 0.3 |
Implants Plate/Screws/ rods | 110,000 | 0.3 |