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Table 1 Exercise components included in the SMT

From: Effects of a movement control and tactile acuity training in patients with nonspecific chronic low back pain and control impairment – a randomised controlled pilot study

 

Sensory part

Sensorimotor part

Laterality recognition training [54]

Sessions 1 + 2

Localisation training (left/right); detection of the number and localisation of points (starting distance: two-point discrimination threshold)

Progression: ↑ number of points; ↑ speed; ↓ distance between points

Pelvic tilt exercises; finding a middle position of the lower back in different postures (comparable to movement control tests) [26]

Progression: Starting position (easy to hard)

Recognition of the position of trunks pictured on a smartphone

Progression: ↑ speed of the image sequence; ↑ number of images

Sessions 3 + 4

Identification of numbers; simple arithmetic tasks (addition and subtraction of numbers from 0 to 9)

Progression: ↓ size of numbers; varying the orientation; ↑ speed

Movement control exercises comparable to movement control tests [26]; finding and maintaining a middle position of the lower back while performing simple movements of the trunk or extremities.

Progression: Starting position; performing additional movements

As above. Individual progression based on actual performance

Sessions 5 + 6

Identification of letters; recognition of three-letter words.

Progression: ↓ font size; varying the orientation; ↑ speed

As above, but with additional complex movements of the trunk or extremities; transfer to functional activities related to the patient’s symptoms.

Progression: Complexity of starting position; use of additional weights

As above. Individual progression based on actual performance; ↑ complexity of images