Effect and potential risks of using multilevel cement-augmented pedicle screw fixation in osteoporotic spine with lumbar degenerative disease

Table 1 Comparison of baseline data in two groups

Factors	CAPSI group (n = 46)	CPS group (n = 47)		P value
Male/female(n)	7/39	6/41	x² = 0.116	0.733
Age (year)	70.65 ± 7.20	67.91 ± 7.62	t = 1.780	0.078
Body mass index	23.91 ± 3.36	23.64 ± 2.85	t = 0.411	0.682
Bone mineral density	−3.18 ± 0.94	−2.89 ± 0.49	t = −1.822	0.072
Diabetes(n)	12	9	x² = 1.033	0.333
Hypertension(n)	23	22	x² = 0.095	0.837
Smoking(n)	3	2	x² = 0.284	0.671
Diagnosis (n)			x² = 0.933	0.653
Lumbar spinal stenosis	25	30
Spondylolisthesis	9	8
Degenerative scoliosis	12	9
Fusion methods(n)			x² = 0.732	0.665
TLIF	26	28
PLIF	5	7
PLIF+TLIF	15	12
Bone graft			x² = 0.665	0.496
Autograft bone	15	12
Autograft and allograft bones	31	35
Fusion level(n)			x² = 3.517	0.522
L2-L5	9	12
L3-S1	26	28
L1-L5	2	0
L2-S1	9	7
Lumbosacral fixation(n)	35	35	x² = 0.033	1.000
S1 bicortical/tricortical fixation(n)	14/21	19/16	x² = 1.438	0.338
VAS score	7.19 ± 0.86	7.34 ± 0.73	t = −0.876	0.383
ODI score(%)	52.04 ± 7.58	51.11 ± 7.46	t = 0.601	0.549
Follow-up time(months)	31.87 ± 15.49	35.53 ± 21.54	t = −0.94	0.350
Pre-operation LL(°)	31.19 ± 18.27	35.68 ± 13.53	t = −1.350	0.180
Pre-operation PT(°)	23.50 ± 10.49	19.76 ± 8.96	t = 1.850	0.068
Pre-operation PI(°)	48.07 ± 12.61	51.30 ± 13.54	t = −1.189	0.237

CAPSI Cement-augmented pedicle screw instrumentation, CPS conventional pedicle screw, TLIF transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion, PLIF posterior lumbar interbody fusion, VAS Visual Analogue Scale, ODI Oswestry Disability Index, LL lumbar lordosis, PT Pelvic title, PI Pelvic incidence

ISSN: 1471-2474