Topical cutaneous application of carbon dioxide via a hydrogel for improved fracture repair: results of phase I clinical safety trial

Table 2 Arterial gas analysis

	Unit	Before the CO₂ therapy	After the CO₂ therapy	Difference between the means	95%CI for the difference
BE	mmol/L	−0.05 (− 1.60 to 2.10)	0.18 (−2.30 to 2.50)	0.23 (−1.90 to 1.40)	[− 0.11 to 0.57]
HCO₃-	mmol/L	24.18 (22.90–26.50)	24.53 (22.20–27.40)	0.35 (−1.40 to 1.50)	[−0.02 to 0.71]
O₂SAT	%	97.50 (96.10–99.90)	97.37 (92.40–100.00)	−0.13 (− 4.00 to 3.30)	[− 0.90 to 0.64]
PaCO₂	mmHg	40.13 (33.70–43.80)	41.02 (34.30–47.50)	0.89 (−6.00 to 7.50)	[−0.50 to 2.28]
PaO₂	mmHg	93.54 (76.80–132.00)	99.14 (76.40–167.00)	5.60 (−13.00 to 86.90)	[−5.36 to 16.56]
pH	mU/dL	7.40 (7.36–7.45)	7.39 (7.35–7.44)	−0.00 (−0.06 to 0.04)	[−0.02 to 0.01]
Deoxy-Hb	%	2.44 (0.10–3.80)	2.58 (0.00–7.60)	0.14 (−3.20 to 4.10)	[−0.62 to 0.90]
Oxy-Hb	%	95.21 (92.60–97.10)	95.24 (92.20–97.60)	0.04 (−2.40 to 3.20)	[−0.61 to 0.68]

Values are expressed as mean (range). n = 19
BE base excess, HCO₃- bicarbonate ion, O₂SAT oxygen saturation, PaCO₂ partial pressure of carbon dioxide in arterial blood, PaO₂ partial pressure of oxygen in arterial blood, pH power of hydrogen, Deoxy-Hb deoxyhemoglobin, Oxy-Hb oxygenated hemoglobin, 95%CI 95% confidence interval

ISSN: 1471-2474