Table 2 Baseline characteristics of the patients: Demographics, self-reported symptoms (KOOS), DCE-MRI perfusion variables, and physical function
| Â | Exercise therapy group | Control group | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
Randomised (n = 31) | Per-protocol (n = 16) | Randomised (n = 29) | Per-protocol (n = 17) | |
Mean (SD) | Mean (SD) | Mean (SD) | Mean (SD) | |
Demographic Characteristics | ||||
 Age (years) | 65.9 (8.5) | 67.2 (8.2) | 61.3 (7.1) | 60.6 (7.2) |
 Female, no (%) | 27 (87) | 14 (87.5) | 21 (71) | 12 (70.6) |
 Height (m) | 1.69 (0.08) | 1.67 (0.07) | 1.72 (0.09) | 1.72 (0.11) |
 Weight (kg) | 81.9 (14.1) | 77.3 (8.3) | 83.3 (15.0) | 85.8 (14.2) |
 BMI (kg/m2) | 28.7 (4.2) | 27.7 (3.4) | 28.1 (4.5) | 29.0 (4.0) |
KOOS | ||||
 Pain | 56.5 (14.8) | 52.8 (18.1) | 63.3 (12.4) | 61.3 (9.8) |
 Symptoms | 58.3 (16.8) | 57.4 (18.2) | 65.5 (19.5) | 63.9 (17.8) |
 Function in Daily Living | 65.0 (14.0) | 61.9 (17.3) | 74.2 (13.9) | 76.3 (10.9) |
 Knee-Related Quality of Life | 27.6 (19.2) | 37.9 (15.6) | 34.7 (20.9) | 44.1 (16.8) |
 Function in Sports and Recreation | 37.1 (14.2) | 25.0 (16.0) | 44.2 (14.4) | 37.4 (23.0) |
DCE-MRI Perfusion variables | ||||
 Total Muscle VOI | ||||
  Nvoxel% | – | 56.1 (15.7) | – | 57.7(14.7) |
  IRExNvoxel | – | 334.0 (171.5) | – | 386.7 (230.2) |
  IRExNvoxel% | – | 0.30 (0.15) | – | 0.18 (0.07) |
  MExNvoxel | – | 81,491.0 (26,054.0) | – | 91,236.6 (29,556.8) |
  MExNvoxel% | – | 72.8 (21.5) | – | 73.4 (20.7) |
 Extensor VOI | ||||
  Nvoxel% | – | 48.6 (16.0) | – | 45.0 (19.5) |
  IRExNvoxel | – | 98.1 (82.5) | – | 113.0 (108.9) |
  IRExNvoxel% | – | 0.39 (0.21) | – | 0.4 (0.3) |
  MExNvoxel | – | 16,553.4 (9817.4) | – | 16,488.1 (10,599.5) |
  MExNvoxel% | – | 67.1 (23.7) | – | 60.6 (27.5) |
 Flexor VOI | ||||
  Nvoxel% | – | 58.1 (16.6) | – | 60.9 (13.8) |
  IRExNvoxel | – | 236.1 (116.1) | – | 273.7(150.0) |
  IRExNvoxel% | – | 0.27 (0.15) | – | 0.28 (0.16) |
  MExNvoxel | – | 64,937.5 (17,987.4) | – | 74,748.5 (21,639.4) |
  MExNvoxel% | – | 74.3 (22.3) | – | 76.5 (19.3) |
Physical function | ||||
 Muscle strength Knee extension, Nm | ||||
  0°/s | – | 103.1 (21.2) | – | 124.1 (35.7) |
  60°/s | – | 81.2 (24.8) | – | 91.0 (29.9) |
  120°/s | – | 69.3 (20.7) | – | 86.9 (29.1) |
  180°/s | – | 60.3 (17.0) | – | 76.9 (26.8) |
 Muscle strength knee flexion, Nm | ||||
  0°/s | – | 48.7 (17.3) | – | 63.4 (22.8) |
  60°/s | – | 38.1 (14.6) | – | 49.0 (20.0) |
  120°/s | – | 34.2 (13.8) | – | 45.4 (19.7) |
  180°/s | – | 32.4 (12.1) | – | 44.1 (17.9) |
 6-min walk distance, m | – | 494.4 (93.8) | – | 541.2 (84.7) |