Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Niigata University Medical and Dental General Hospital, 1-757 Asahimachi Dori, Chuo-ku, Niigata City, Niigata, 951-8510, Japan
Kei Watanabe, Keiichi Katsumi, Masayuki Ohashi, Yohei Shibuya, Tomohiro Izumi, Toru Hirano & Naoto Endo
Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Osaka University, 2-2 Yamadaoka, Suita City, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
Takashi Kaito, Tomoya Yamashita, Hiroyasu Fujiwara & Yukitaka Nagamoto
Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Tokyo Medical University, 6-1-1 Shinjuku, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 160-8402, Japan
Yuji Matsuoka, Hidekazu Suzuki & Hirosuke Nishimura
Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Osaka City University, 1-4-3 Asahimachi, Abeno-ku, Osaka, 545-8585, Japan
Hidetomi Terai & Koji Tamai
Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Nagasaki University, 1-7-1 Sakamoto, Nagasaki City, Nagasaki, 852-8501, Japan
Atsushi Tagami, Syuta Yamada & Shinji Adachi
Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 1-5-45 Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8519, Japan
Toshitaka Yoshii & Shuta Ushio
Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka City, 812-8582, Japan
Katsumi Harimaya, Kenichi Kawaguchi, Nobuhiko Yokoyama, Hidekazu Oishi & Toshiro Doi
Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Jichi Medical University, 3311-1 Yakushiji, Shimotsuke City, Tochigi, 329-0498, Japan
Atsushi Kimura & Hirokazu Inoue
Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Kitasato University, 1-15-1 Kitasato, Minami-ku, Sagamihara City, Kanagawa, 252-0374, Japan
Gen Inoue, Masayuki Miyagi & Wataru Saito
Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Osaka Medical College, 2-7 Daigakumachi, Takatsuki City, Osaka, 569-0801, Japan
Atsushi Nakano
Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Tokai University, 143 Shimokasuya, Isehara City, Kanagawa, 259-1193, Japan
Daisuke Sakai & Tadashi Nukaga
Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Shinshu University, 3-1-1, Asahi, Matsumoto City, Nagano, 390-8621, Japan
Shota Ikegami, Masayuki Shimizu & Toshimasa Futatsugi
Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Chiba University, 1-8-1 Inohana, Chuo-ku, Chiba City, Chiba, 260-8670, Japan
Seiji Ohtori, Takeo Furuya & Sumihisa Orita
Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Nagoya University, 65 Tsurumai-cho, Showa-ku, Nagoya City, Aichi, 466-8560, Japan
Shiro Imagama, Kei Ando & Kazuyoshi Kobayashi
Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Kochi University, Oko-cho Kohasu, Nankoku City, Kochi, 783-8505, Japan
Katsuhito Kiyasu
Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Kanazawa University, 13-1 Takaramachi, Kanazawa City, Ishikawa, 920-8641, Japan
Hideki Murakami & Katsuhito Yoshioka
Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Toyama, 2630 Sugitani, Toyama City, Toyama, 930-0194, Japan
Shoji Seki
Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Akita University, 1-1-1 Hondo, Akita City, Akita, 010-8543, Japan
Michio Hongo
Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Kobe University, 7-5-1 Kusunoki-cho, chuou-ku, Kobe City, Hyogo, 650-0017, Japan
Kenichiro Kakutani & Takashi Yurube
Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Eastern Chiba Medical Center, 3-6-2 Okayamadai, Togane City, Chiba, 283-8686, Japan
Yasuchika Aoki
Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Nihon University Itabashi Hospital, 30-1 Oyaguchikamicho, Itabashi-ku, Tokyo, 173-8610, Japan
Masashi Oshima
Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Hokkaido University, North-15, West-7, Kita-ku, Sapporo City, Hokkaido, 060-8638, Japan
Masahiko Takahata & Akira Iwata
Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Iwate Medical University, 19-1 Uchimaru, Morioka City, Iwate, 020-8505, Japan
Hirooki Endo
Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba City, Ibaraki, 305-8577, Japan
Tetsuya Abe & Toshinori Tsukanishi
Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Hiroshima University, 1-2-3 Kasumi, Minami-ku, Hiroshima City, Hiroshima, 734-8551, Japan
Kazuyoshi Nakanishi
Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, National Defense Medical College, 3-2 Namiki, Tokorozawa City, Saitama, 359-8513, Japan
Naobumi Hosogane
Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 160-8582, Japan
Kota Watanabe, Tomohiro Hikata, Satoshi Suzuki, Norihiro Isogai, Eijiro Okada, Haruki Funao, Seiji Ueda, Yuta Shiono, Kenya Nojiri, Naobumi Hosogane & Ken Ishii
Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, International University of Health and Welfare School of Medicine, Mita, Minato-ku, Tokyo, 108-8329, Japan
Norihiro Isogai, Haruki Funao & Ken Ishii
KW1; study design, analyses and interpretation of data, draft of manuscript with tables and figures. NH, KI, TH, NE; substantial contributions to conception and critical revision for important intellectual content. TK, YM, HT, AT, TY, KH, KK2, AK, GI, AN, DS, SI1, SO1, TF, SI2, KK4, HM, SS, MH, KK5, YA, MO2, MT, HE, TA, KN, KW2, TH; substantial contributions to study design and data acquisition, KK1, MO1, YS, TI, TY, HF, YN, HS, HN, KT, SY, SA, SU, NY, HO, TD, HI, MM, WS, TN, MS, TF, SO2, KA, KK3, KY, TY, AI, TT, SS, NI, EO, HF, SU, YS, KN; data acquisition. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.