Table 2 Characteristics of studies that report outcomes of the Ponseti method in sub-Saharan Africaa
Primary Author Year Country | Number of children and (feet) treated | Age Range | Type of study (Level of Evidence) | Comparator Group | Duration of Follow up |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Ibraheem 2017 [21], Nigeria | 23 (14) | <3 months | Randomised controlled trial (II) | Children managed by accelerated Ponseti treatment | 32–77 days. |
Malagelada 2016 [32], South Africa | 65 (91) | 4–63 months | Cross sectional survey (IV) | Cases in a UK urban clinic | Not applicable |
Smythe 2016 [35], Zimbabwe | 173 (268) | 17 days – 5 years 7 months | Case series, retrospective (IV) | Pre-treatment status of cases | 10.2 weeks (9.5–10.9) |
Boakye 2016 [38], Ghana | 271 (430) | <6Â months | Case series, Retrospective (IV) | Pre-treatment status of cases | Not reported |
Adegbehingbe 2015 [39], Nigeria | 4931 (7745) | Not reported | Case series (IV) | Pre-treatment status of cases | Not reported |
Adewole 2014 [33], Nigeria | 106 (158) | 7 days – 4 years | Case series, prospective (IV) | Pre-treatment status of cases | Mean: 3 years (range 2–4) |
Ayana 2014 [24], Ethiopia | 22 (32) | 2–10 years | Case series, prospective (IV) | Pre-treatment status of cases | Not reported |
Kouamo 2014 [40], Togo | 24 (41) | 17Â days - 7Â years | Case series, prospective (IV) | Pre-treatment status of cases | Not applicable |
Mang’oli 2014, Kenya | 223 (361) | Mean 23 months | Cross sectional survey (IV) | Status of cases at previous appointment | One year |
Kaseke 2013 [41], Zimbabwe | 14 (20) | Mean 7.43Â weeks | Non randomised, prospective (III) | Children managed with Kite technique | 6Â weeks |
Adegbehingbe 2012 [42], Nigeria | 493 (749) | Not reported | Case series, prospective (V) | Pre-treatment status of cases | Not reported |
Cashman 2012 [20], Malawi | >2000 | Not reported | Case series (IV) | No comparator | Not reported |
Pirani 2012 [43], Uganda | 370 | Majority under 14Â weeks | Case series, prospective (IV) | Pre-treatment status of cases | Not reported |
Harnett 2011 [44], Malawi | 21 (32) | <2Â months | Randomised controlled trial (II) | Children managed by accelerated Ponseti treatment | Mean 258Â days (70 to 348) |
Adegbehingbe 2010 [25], Nigeria | 55 (80) | <18 years | Randomised controlled trial (II) | Children treated by surgery | 3–36 months post last cast |
Radler 2010 [45], Mali | 52 | < 1Â year | Case series (IV) | Pre-treatment status of cases | Not reported |
Firth 2009 [30], South Africa | 70 (106) | 1 day – 40 months | Case series, retrospective (IV) | Pre-treatment status of cases | Mean: 2 years 5 months |
Biruk 2007 [26], Ethiopia | 55 (82) | < 6Â months | Case series, prospective (IV) | Children in different age category | Not reported |
Lavy 2007 [28], Malawi | 307 (482) | <12Â months | Case series, retrospective (IV) | Pre-treatment status of cases | Not reported |
Khan 2005 [27], South Africa | (61) | Not reported | Case series (IV) | Pre-treatment status of cases | Not reported |
Tindall 2005 [29], Malawi | 75 (100) | Under 4Â years | Case series, prospective (IV) | Pre-treatment status of cases | 5Â ft followed for 12-18Â months |
Mkandawire 2003 [36], Malawi | 54 | Under 2Â years | Case series, Prospective (IV) | Pre-treatment status of cases | 12Â months |