Low urine pH and acid excretion do not predict bone fractures or the loss of bone mineral density: a prospective cohort study

Table 4 Multiple logistic regression analysis results: Urine pH and acid excretion associations with fragility fractures*

Fracture type		Unadjusted estimate	p-value	Adjusted estimate	p-value
Urine pH:
Fragility fractures	Odds ratio:	1.07	0.76	0.97	0.91
	95% confidence interval:	0.70 to 1.63		0.58 to 1.63
	c-statistic:	0.514		0.731
Urine Acid excretion:
Fragility fractures	Odds ratio:	1.00	0.76	1.00	0.92
	95% confidence interval:	0.99 to 1.01		0.99 to 1.02
	c-statistic:	0.510		0.731

*The following variables were included in the adjusted models to control for confounding: age, gender, family history of osteoporosis, body mass index (BMI), change in BMI, estrogen status, physical activity, calcium intake, vitamin D status, smoking, kidney disease, urine creatinine, thiazide diuretics, and bisphosphonate use.

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