Figure 5

Effects on the BMD and the BAp orientation at the ventral cortical portion of lumbar spine. Starting 12 weeks after OVX, drugs were administered orally to rats for 12 weeks. The BMD (A) and the BAp c-axis orientation (B) in the cranio-craudal direction were measured at the ventral cortical portion of the 4^th lumbar spine by pQCT and micro-XRD, respectively, as described in MATERIALS AND METHODS. Typical micro-XRD profiles of the OVX and Sham rats were described for clarifying the spectral quality (C). Each value represents the mean ± SE (n = 7–8). *p < 0.05, ***p < 0.001 compared with the OVX-control group. Note that the combination therapy with ALF and RIS recovers the BAp c-axis orientation at the 4^th lumbar spine (p < 0.05). Intensity ratio of (002)/(310) corresponds to the orientation degree of the BAp c-axis as a bone quality parameter based on a material property in the cranio-craudal direction. The ratio in randomly oriented apatite powders is approximately 2, and increase in the preferential alignment of the BAp c-axis in the cranio-craudal direction increases the intensity ratio.