Table 5 Cases of complete and partial flap necrosis
Group (flap No.) | Age/Sex | Comorbidity | Initial trauma (location) | Flap size (cm2) | Perforator origin (rotation angle) | Recipient artery | Complication | Additional surgery for coverage | Additional reconstruction |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
PPF(4) | 22 M | none | talus fx. (distal 1/3) | 30 | PTA (180) | ― | complete necrosis non-union | secondary free flap (ALT) | VBG (VSG) |
PPF(5) | 57 M | DM, HT, HD smorking | ankle fx. (distal 1/3) | 59 | PTAa (160) | ― | partial necrosis | secondary free flap (ALT) | ― |
PPF(7) | 95 F | breast & lung Ca | distal tibial fx. (distal 1/3) | 24 | PTA (120) | ― | partial necrosis | implant removal secondary closure | ― |
PPF(11) | 61 F | DM, liver cirrhosis | calcaneus fx. (heel) | 63 | PTAa (180) | ― | partial necrosis | debridement | ― |
PPF(12) | 47 M | HT smorking | tibial shaft fx. (distal 1/3) | 80 | PTA (180) | ― | partial necrosis | secondary closure | ― |
PPF(13) | 27 M | Depression smorking | tibial shaft fx. (middle 1/3) | 41 | PTA (170) | ― | complete necrosis delayed osteomyelitis | secondary free flap (ALT) | ― |
PPF(15) | 82 F | endomaterial Ca, angina pectoris | ankle fx. (distal 1/3) | 64 | PTAa (170) | ― | partial necrosis | secondary closure | ― |
PPF(17) | 71 F | DM, HT | ankle fx. (distal 1/3) | 42 | PTAa (170) | ― | partial necrosis delayed osteomyelitis | implant removal debridement | VBG (VSG) |
PPF(18) | 62 | PAa (180) | partial necrosis | secondary free flap (ALT) | ― | ||||
FF(2) | 63 M | HT smorking | Lisfranc fx. (distal 1/3) | 101 | ― | ATA | complete necrosis | secondary free flap (LD) | ― |
FF(3) | 73 M | DM, HT smorking | distal tibial fx. (distal 1/3) | 87 | ― | PTA | partial necrosis | skin graft | ― |
FF(4) | 54 F | none | tibial shaft fx. (middle 1/3) | 197 | ― | PTA | partial necrosis | debridement | ― |