Comparison of the clinical outcomes between proximal femoral nail anti-rotation with cement enhancement and hemiarthroplasty among elderly osteoporotic patients with intertrochanteric fracture

Table 3 Comparison of the changes in Barthel index of activities of daily living, Harris scores and VAS scores between the two groups

Group	Cases	Post-operative 1 month	Post-operative 3 months	Post-operative 6 months	Post-operative 12 months
Barthel Index
CE, M(P1, P3)	52	35 (35, 35)	45 (40, 45)^a	80 (75, 85)^ab	85 (80, 85)^abc
HA, M(P1, P3)	50	45 (40, 45)	70 (70, 75)^a	80 (80, 85)^ab	85 (80, 85)^abc
z		−8.004	−8.804	−0.099	−1.092
p		< 0.001	< 0.001	0.921	0.275
Harris scores
CE	52	45.69 ± 5.37	61.83 ± 5.90^a	78.69 ± 4.98^ab	84.31 ± 5.13^abc
HA	50	61.92 ± 3.45	76.94 ± 4.26^a	78.98 ± 3.91^ab	84.00 ± 3.10^abc
t		−18.066	−14.783	−0.323	0.365
p		< 0.001	< 0.001	0.747	0.716
VAS scores
CE, M(P1, P3)	52	5 (4, 5)	2.5 (2, 3)^a	2 (1, 2)^ab	0 (0, 1)^abc
HA, M(P1, P3)	50	3 (3, 3)	2 (2, 3)^a	2 (1, 2)^ab	1 (0, 1)^abc
z		−6.598	−2.699	−0.04	−0.627
p		< 0.001	0.007	0.968	0.530

Note The data were expressed by M (P1, P3) or mean ± standard deviation. M (P1, P3): median (P25%, P75%), CE: cement-enhanced internal fixation, HA: hemiarthroplasty
^ap < 0.05 vs. Post-operative 1 month; ^bp < 0.05 vs. Post-operative 3 months; ^cp < 0.05 vs. Post-operative 6 months

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