Considerations beyond spine pain: do different co-occurring lower body joint pains differentially influence physical function and quality of life ratings?

Table 2 Outcome measures by pain site grouping. Values are means ± SD

	No pain	Back alone	Back-Hip	Back-Knee	Back-Ankle/Foot	Back-Hip-Knee	Back-Knee Ankle/Foot	Back-Hip Ankle/Foot	All sites
	n = 1109	n = 45	n = 127	n = 78	n = 10	n = 177	n = 20	n = 33	n = 43
KOOS scores (points)
QOL	80.9 ± 18.2^{^}	71.1 ± 19.9	68.9 ± 22.1	65.1 ± 19.4	59.4 ± 39.0	53.5 ± 19.5^*€	57.1 ± 23.4^{* Ψ}	64.0 ± 24.5	49.7 ± 25.8^€*
FSR	85.8 ± 18.8^	73.2 ± 25.3	67.0 ± 25.8^**	66.8 ± 24.9	65.4 ± 33.4	50.9 ± 24.9^*€	53.7 ± 30.7*	68.9 ± 23.8	44.7 ± 30.0^€*
WOMAC score (points)
Pain	1.1 ± 2.0^{^}	2.3 ± 2.9^{^}	2.9 ± 3.4^¥	2.9 ± 3.1^*Ψ	4.5 ± 3.6^*	4.1 ± 3.9^{^}	3.4 ± 3.8^{^}	3.3 ± 4.6^{^}	7.0 ± 6.1^{^}
ADL	3.6 ± 5.8^{^}	9.4 ± 12.0^¥**	9.8 ± 10.4^¥	11.2 ± 11.2^{^Ψ}	11.9 ± 10.3^¥	15.9 ± 12.7^*	15.2 ± 12.1	13.1 ± 14.5^{* Ψ}	25.4 ± 16.1^{^}
SF-12 scores (points)
PCS	52.8 ± 6.8^{^}	46.9 ± 9.8^{^**}	46.0 ± 10.7^¥	45.4 ± 10.0	43.3 ± 17.8^**	42.6 ± 11.1^{δ * Ψ}	43.3 ± 11.5^δ	42.7 ± 10.0^δ	39.7 ± 9.5^{* Ψ}
Working in past year
Weeks (#)	46.0 ± 12.6	48.8 ± 7.8	47.3 ± 10.6	46.7 ± 10.6	41.6 ± 18.7	46.2 ± 12.0	45.9 ± 12.1	43.9 ± 16.1	46.5 ± 11.5
Hours/week (#)	36.2 ± 15.2	34.3 ± 15.1	37.8 ± 15.1	37.6 ± 13.2	27.5 ± 14.2	38.0 ± 15.8	32.6 ± 14.6	36.2 ± 17.0	29.2 ± 17.1

QOL quality of life, FSR Function, Sports and Recreation, ADL activities of daily living, PCS physical component score
^{^}different than all other groups at p < .05
^δdifferent than No pain group at p < .05
^*different than Back alone and No pain groups at p < .05
^Ψdifferent than hip-back at p < .05
^**different than Back-Hip-Ankle/foot groups at p < .05
^€different than Back-Hip and Back-Knee groups at p < .05
^¥different than No pain, Back alone, Back-Knee, Back-Hip, Back-Hip-Knee, at p < .05

ISSN: 1471-2474