Table 3 Descriptions of pain and functional outcome variables at five-year follow-up

Mean

SD

BPI average pain rating (0–10 scale)

136

2.7

2.3

BPI pain interference with function index (0–10 scale)

135

1.9

2.1

n

%

BPI average pain rating (dichotomized)

136

 None/mild (< 4)

92

68

 Moderate/severe (≥ 4)

44

32

BPI pain interference with function index (dichotomized)

135

 None/mild (< 4)

111

82

 Moderate/severe (≥ 4)

24

18