Table 3 Characteristics of Survey Responders Grouped by Race/Ethnicitya
From: Healthcare disparities: patients’ perspectives on barriers to joint replacement
Overall | Race Category | Significance Test* | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Cohort N = 738 | Black (B) N = 76 | White (W) N = 556 | Hispanic (H) N = 64 | p-value | |
Sociodemographic variables | |||||
Age, years (mean, SD) | 59.3 (10.8) | 59.9 (13.4) | 59.8 (10.2) | 53.7 (9.8) | < 0.01 |
Female (%) | 88.0 | 90.8 | 87.9 | 87.3 | |
Education level (%) | |||||
Some high school | 8.9 | 14.5 | 5.9 | 20.3 | < 0.01 |
Some college | 37.7 | 51.3 | 35.3 | 34.4 | |
College graduate | 53.5 | 34.2 | 58.0 | 45.3 | |
Insurance statusb (%) | |||||
Medicare | 46.2 | 50.0 | 48.8 | 32.8 | < 0.01 |
Medicaid | 18.2 | 27.6 | 16.9 | 20.3 | |
Private | 49.3 | 40.8 | 51.4 | 53.1 | |
Uninsured | 4.9 | 7.9 | 3.4 | 10.9 | |
Pain and disability attributed to arthritis (mean, SD) | |||||
Pain in hip/knee (Y/N) (%) | 96.9 | 93.4 | 97.5 | 93.8 | < 0.1 |
Pain VAS (0–100) (0–100) | 61.5 (23.0) | 65.7 (28.5) | 60.5 (21.9) | 60.6 (24.7) | < 0.05 |
HOOS, JR (0–24) | 58.9 (23.9) | 61.3 (28.1) | 59.6 (20.0) | 55.2 (23.9) | < 0.1 |
KOOS, JR (0–26) | 51.7 (20.3) | 50.3 (25.3) | 52.7 (19.8) | 49.0 (18.8) | < 0.05 |
Providers seen to evaluate arthritis (%) | |||||
Primary care physician | 48.0 | 39.5 | 51.8 | 42.2 | < 0.01 |
Orthopedist | 47.6 | 56.6 | 48.9 | 35.9 | < 0.05 |
Rheumatologist | 57.7 | 31.6 | 60.6 | 67.2 | < 0.01 |
No one | 4.6 | 5.3 | 4.7 | 6.3 | |
Other | 8.3 | 10.5 | 7.9 | 7.8 | |
Discussed arthroplasty with provider | 51.4 | 65.8 | 52.5 | 29.7 | < 0.01 |
Treatments tried for arthritis (%) | |||||
Over the counter medication | 81.8 | 72.4 | 85.6 | 70.3 | < 0.01 |
Physical therapy | 61.8 | 61.8 | 63.5 | 53.1 | |
Acupuncture | 15.0 | 10.5 | 15.7 | 14.1 | |
Braces | 24.5 | 23.7 | 25.5 | 20.3 | |
Joint injection | 59.8 | 51.3 | 63.5 | 43.75 | < 0.01 |
Topical creams/salves | 64.9 | 56.6 | 67.3 | 67.2 | |
Prescription medication | 75.9 | 65.8 | 77.2 | 81.3 | < 0.1 |
Other | 10.7 | 4.0 | 11.3 | 14.1 | |
None | 2.6 | 5.3 | 2.3 | 3.1 | |