Impact of central sensitization on pain, disability and psychological distress in patients with knee osteoarthritis and chronic low back pain

Table 3 Regression analysis of factors affecting the CSI score in KOA and CLBP patients

	KOA				CLBP
	Simple linear regression		Multivariate regression		Simple linear regression		Multivariate regression
	ß (95% CI)	p	ß (95% CI)	p	ß (95% CI)	p	ß (95% CI)	p
Age	-0.202 (-0.452, 0.048)	0.113			0.240 (0.014, 0.466)	0.038	0.046 (-0.223, 0.315)	0.736
Sex	-16.949 (-24.226, -9.637)	≤ 0.001	-5.935 (-12.415, 0,546)	0.072	-11.900 (-21.095, -2.704)	0.012	-3.101 (-17.320, 11.119)	0.666
Number of comorbidities	2.984 (1.187, 4.781)	0.001	1.775 (0.361, 3.190)	0.014	3.098 (0.802, 5.393)	0.009	2.191 (-0.275, 4.657)	0.081
Duration of symptoms (Years)	0.338 (-0.064, 0.740)	0.099			0.268 (-0.141, (0.677)	0.197
Kellgren-Lawrence score	-1.406 (-5.580, 2.769)	0.507			-	-	-	-
Pain intensity	1.444 (0.334, 2.553)	0.011	0,224 (-0.736, 1.185)	0.645	1.676 (0.141, 3.212)	0.033	0.328 (-1.293, 1.949)	0.689
Lequesne index	1.566 (0.957, 2.175)	≤ 0.001	0.542 (-0.039, 1.124)	0.067
ODI					0.112(-7.245, 7 0.469)	0.976
Daily sedentary time (minutes)	-0.008 (-0.032, 0.016)	0.511			-0.017 (-0.043, 009)	0.192
IPAQ	-0.488 (-2.516, 1.539)	0.635			-0.245 (-2.679, 2.189)	0.842
PHQ-9	2.138 (1.782, 2.494)	≤ 0.001	1.488 (0.944, 2.032)	≤ 0.001	2.002 (1.568, 2.437)	≤ 0.001	1.725 (0.959, 2 0.491)	≤ 0.001
GAD-7	1.583 (1.237, 1.929)	≤ 0.001	0.494 (-0.031, 1.018)	0.065	1.413 (0.935, 1.801)	≤ 0.001	0.015 (-0.688, 0.716)	0.967
PCS	0.428 (0.286, 0.570)	≤ 0.001	-0.035 (-0.199, 0.129)	0.670	0.421 (0.245, 0.596)	≤ 0.001	0.013 (-0.211, 0.238)	0.906

KOA: Knee osteoarthritis; CLBP: Chronic Low Back Pain; ODI: Oswestry Disability index; IPAQ: International Physical Activity Questionnaire; PHQ-9: Patient Health Questionnaire-9; GAD-7: Generalized Anxiety Disorder; PCS: Pain Catastrophizing Scale

ISSN: 1471-2474