Preliminary exploration of the biomechanical properties of three novel cervical porous fusion cages using a finite element study

Table 1 Material properties and mesh type assigned to the FE model

Component	Element type	Material model	Material property	Cross-Sectional Area (mm²)
Cortical bone	C3D4	Isoelastic	E = 10000 MPa, v = 0.3	-
Cancellous bone	C3D4	Isoelastic	E = 100 MPa, v = 0.3	-
End plate	C3D8	Isoelastic	E = 5.6 MPa, v = 0.3	-
Facet cartilage	C3D4	Isoelastic	E = 10.4 MPa, v = 0.4	-
Nucleus pulpous	C3D8H	Hyperelastic	C10 = 0.12, C01 = 0.09	-
Annulus fibrosus matrix	C3D8H	Hyperelastic	C10 = 0.133, C01 = 0.0333, D = 0.6	-
Annulus fibers	T3D2	Hypoelastic	E = 350-550 MPa, v = 0.3	-
ALL	T3D2	Nonlinear	Force–deflection curve^a	6.1
PLL	T3D2	Nonlinear	Force–deflection curve^a	5.4
IL	T3D2	Nonlinear	Force–deflection curve^a	13.1
CL	T3D2	Nonlinear	Force–deflection curve^a	46.6
LF	T3D2	Nonlinear	Force–deflection curve^a	50.1
Titanium alloy	C3D4	Isoelastic	E = 110000 MPa, v = 0.3	-

ALL Anterior longitudinal ligament, PLL Posterior longitudinal ligament, IL Interspinous ligament, CL Capsular ligament, LF Ligamentum flavum, C3D4 Tetrahedron, C3D8 Hexahedron, C3D8H 8-node hybridization unit, T3D2 Truss, tension only. ^aLigament properties are referred to Fig. 2 for details

ISSN: 1471-2474