Table 2 Effect size, and statistical power of the included studies

Abass et al. [22]

Lumbar stabilization for PI in chronic LBP

0.236

0.082

48

X

Abdulahi et al. [23]

CIMT improving MF in stroke

 > 0.05*

0.348

46

X

Abdullahi et al. [24]

CIMT for motor impairment in stroke

0.166

0.37

28

X

Adeniyi et al. [25]

Exercise improving for SBP in Type 2 DM

0.030*

IN

-

Adeniyi et al. [26]

Exercise for pain in Type 2 DM

 < 0.05*

IN

-

Adepoju et al. [27]

Exercise improving balance in CP

0.339

0.57

58

X

Ahmed et al. [28]

Stabilization exercise & mzl energy tech for pain in low back pain

 < 0.001*

0.7385

59

X

Ajiboye et al. [29]

Exercise improving walking capacity in CHF (biventricular)

p < 0.05*

1.28

100

√

Akinola et al. [24]

Exercise improving GMF in spastic CP

0.001*

0.236

9

X

Akodu & Akindutire [30]

Exercise for sleep disturbance in LBP (NS)

0.030*

0.6

100

√

Akodu et al. [31]

Stabilization and pilate exercise for pain in LBP

0.001*

1.239

96

√

Aliyu et al. [32]

Exercise for pain in LBP (NS)

0.6

0.0078

85

√

Asogwa et al. [33]

Progressive resistance exercise for CD4 count in HIV patients

 < 0.001*

0.82

87

√

Aweto et al. [34]

Exercise for depression score in PL HIV

0.925

0.36

100

√

Aweto et al. [35]

Incentive spirometry for FVC in Type 2 DM

0.925

0.071

6

X

Aweto et al. [36]

Incentive spirometer for FEV in asthma

0.001*

0.441

73

X

Bello & Adeniyi [37]

Exercise for pain intensity (VASB) in LBP

0.020*

1.93

100

√

Bello et al. [38]

Manual therapy for FVC in lumbar radiculopathy

0.000*

0.26

46

X

Bolarinde et al. [39]

Exercise for PI in LBP

 < 0.001*

0.023

60

X

Danazumi et al. [40]

Integrated neuromuscular inhibition tech for pain in piriformis syndrome

 < 0.001*

5.433

100

√

Danazumi et al. [41]

Chain Exercise & kinesiotaping for pain in OA

0.011*

2.116

100

√

Ezema et al. [42]

Exercise for FBS in Type 2 DM

0.001*

0.59

100

√

Ezema et al. [43]

Exercise for SBP in PLHIV

<0.010

2.74

100

√

Ezema et al. [44]

Exercise for FBS in type 2 DM

 < 0.01*

-1.281

98

√

Fadupin & Akinola [45]

Exercise for FBS in Type 2 DM

< 0.05*

0.16

100

√

Fayehun et al. [46]

Walking prescription for HBA1c in Type 2 DM

0.015*

0.035

5

X

Habibu & Hanif [47]

Non-thermal US for breast engorgement

0.153

0.132

8

X

Ibrahim et al. [48]

Motor control exercise for pain in low back pain

 < 0.05

0.767

87

√

Idowu & Adeniyi [49]

Graded activity with monitoring for PI in LBP and Type 2 DM

 < 0.001*

1.94

99

√

Ige et al. [50]

Pulmonary rehab for FEV1 in COPD

 < 0.050*

2.518

100

√

Jegede et al. [51]

Exercise for WR in obese individuals

 < 0.001*

1.17

99

√

John et al. [52]

Exercise for SBP in PL HIV

0.001*

0.12

100

√

Johnson et al. [53]

McKenzie for PI in LBP

0.02*

1.18

79

X

Kaka et al. [54]

Exercise for VAS in NS-neck pain

0.001*

1.267

100

√

Lamina & Okoye [55]

Exercise for lipid profile in hypertension

0.001*

0.007

57

X

Lamina & Okoye [56]

Moderate intensity training for SBP in hypertension

0.001*

1.22

100

√

Lamina & Okoye [57]

Exercise for SBP in hypertension

0.001*

0.67

100

√

Lamina & Okoye [58]

Interval training program for SBP in hypertension

0.001*

0.27

100

√

Lamina et al. [59]

Shortwave for pain for pain in PID

 < 0.001*

1.746

99

√

Lamina et al. [60]

Exercise for SBP in hypertension

0.001*

1.04

100

√

Maduagwu et al. [61]

Exercise for QoL in HIV seropositive

0.917

0.023

6

X

Maduagwu et al. [62]

Exercise for CD4 cells on in HIV

0.002*

0.82

90

√

Maharaj & Nuhu [63]

Exercise for FBS in type 2 DM

0.002*

0.122

21

X

Maruf et al. [64]

Aerobic dance for lipid (LDL-C) IN HTN patients

 < 0.05

-0.092

79

X

Maruf et al. [65]

Exercise for BP in hypertension

0.075

0.39

74

X

Maruf et al. [66]

Exercise for SBP in hypertensive patients

0.001*

0.751

98

√

Mbada et al. [67]

McKenzie for DBEE in LBP

0.001*

0.27

100

√

Mbada et al. [68]

Exercise for FAB in LBP

0.154

0.076

9

X

Nweke et al. [69]

Aerobic exercise (Cycle ergometer) for HAND

 < 0.05*

0.261

20

X

Nweke et al. [70]

Aerobic exercise (Cycle ergometer) for QoL in HAND

0.001*

3.156

100

√

Odebiyi et al. [71]

Exercise and massage for QoL of cancer patient

0.001*

0.39

100

√

Odole & Ojo [72]

Telephone based therapy for PI on OA

0.001*

0.16

100

√

Odunaiya et al. [73]

Aerobic exercise for depression in HIV patients

 < 0.05*

2.091

100

√

Ogbutor et al. [74]

Exercise for SBP in pre-hypertensives

1.653

1.5

100

√

Ogwumike et al. [75]

2 Exercises for Adiposity in peri- and post-menopausal

0.05

0.959

23

X

Ojeniweh et al. [76]

Infrared for pain in low back pain

 > 0.05*

-0.173

9

X

Ojoawo & Olabode [77]

TOP and traction for NDI in cervical radiculopathy

0.889

0.125

42

X

Ojoawo et al. [78]

Cervical traction for pain in cervical radiculopathy

 < 0.05*

-1.218

98

√

Ojoawo et al. [79]

Exercise for PI in LBP

1.000

0.052

5

X

Ojoawo et al. [80]

US and massage for PI in LBP

0.001*

0.57

99

√

Ojoawo et al. [81]

TOP for PI in cervical radiculopathy

 < 0.05*

0.53

85

√

Ojoawo et al. [82]

VOP for RMDQ in chronic LBP

0.692

0.549

68

X

Ojoawo et al. [83]

Exercise for VAS in knee OA

 < 0.01*

0.386

87

√

Okonkwo et al. [84]

Balance training for balance in cognitively-impaired stroke patients

 < 0.05*

3.37

100

√

Okonkwo et al. [85]

TENS for PI in injection sciatic pain

0.001*

0.16

13

X

Olagbegi et al. [86]

Exercise for SQMS in OA

 > 0.05*

0.07

100

√

Olagbegi et al. [87]

Exercise for ADL in OA

 < 0.001*

0.737

100

√

Onigbinde et al. [88]

Wobble board exercises & dynamic balance for static balance in stroke patients

0.001*

1.213

63

X

Onigbinde et al. [89]

IQS for RMx in OA

0.001*

0.644

89

√

Onigbinde et al. [90]

SWD for VAS in OA

0.03*

0.747

42

X

Onuwe et al. [91]

Double modality for PP in MSK injuries

 < 0.05*

0.293

24

X

Onwunzo et al. [92]

Isometric strengthening exercise for pain in OA

 < 0.001*

-4.907

100

√

Sarafadeen et al. [93]

Stabilization exercise for pain in LBP

 < 0.001*

-4.207

100

√

Sokunbi et al. [94]

TENS for sleep quality in pregnant women

0.717

0.196

10

X

Tella et al. [95]

TENS for tactile acuity in LBP

 < 0.05*

0.352

15

X

Usman et al. [96]

Combination therapy for pain in OA

0.001*

0.34

100

√