Table 1 Summary of demographic data, prevalence, and mean or median for each studied variable
Studied variables | Enrolled subjects (n = 418) | Torn group (n = 71) | Intact group (n = 347) |
|---|---|---|---|
Age (year)† | 59 ± 9 | 62 ± 8 | 59 ± 9 |
< 40 years | 5 (1%) | 0 (0%) | 5 (1%) |
40 to 49 years | 53 (13%) | 3 (4%) | 50 (14%) |
50 to 59 years | 165 (40%) | 28 (39%) | 137 (40%) |
60 to 69 years | 133 (32%) | 24 (34%) | 109 (31%) |
≥ 70 years | 62 (15%) | 16 (23%) | 46 (13%) |
Male gender | 167 (40%) | 31 (44%) | 136 (39%) |
Waist circumference (cm)† | 84 ± 9 | 88 ± 9 | 84 ± 9 |
< 85 in women, < 90 in men | 247 (59) | 32 (45%) | 215 (62%) |
85-89.9 (women), 90-94.9 (men) | 79 (19%) | 13 (18%) | 66 (19%) |
90-94.9 (women), 95-99.9 (men) | 55 (13%) | 14 (20%) | 41 (12%) |
≥ 95 (women), ≥ 100 (men) | 37 (9%) | 12 (17%) | 25 (7%) |
Dominant-side involvement | 222 (53%) | 46 (65%) | 176 (51%) |
Smoking | 128 (31%) | 22 (31%) | 106 (31%) |
Alcohol | 273 (65%) | 42 (59%) | 231 (67%) |
Manual labor | 302 (72%) | 61 (86%) | 241 (70%) |
Hypertension | 132 (32%) | 29 (41%) | 103 (30%) |
Metabolic syndrome | 139 (33%) | 38 (54%) | 101 (29%) |
Hyper-thyroidism | 7 (2%) | 3 (4%) | 4 (1%) |
Hypo-thyroidism | 14 (3%) | 1 (1%) | 13 (4%) |
Serum lipid levels (mg/dL) | |||
Cholesterol† | 197 ± 35 | 198 ± 32 | 197 ± 35 |
TG* | 108 (77 to 152) | 121 (90 to 161) | 106 (75 to 150) |
LDL† | 138 ± 33 | 140 ± 34 | 132 ± 31 |
HDL* | 56 (47 to 67) | 52 (46 to 65) | 56 (47 to 68) |
Non-HDL† | 140 ± 35 | 145 ± 32 | 139 ± 36 |
Prevalence of dyslipidemia | 339 (81%) | 59 (83%) | 280 (81%) |
Hyper-cholesterolemia | 195 (47%) | 35 (49%) | 160 (46%) |
Hyper-TGmia | 137 (33%) | 28 (39%) | 109 (31%) |
Hyper-LDLemia | 344 (82%) | 67 (94%) | 277 (80%) |
Hypo-HDLemia | 76 (18%) | 25 (35%) | 51 (15%) |
Hyper-non-HDLemia | 256 (61%) | 57 (80%) | 199 (57%) |
TG/HDL | 3 ± 2 | 3 ± 2 | 3 ± 2 |
TG/HDL ≥ 3.5 | 90 (22%) | 26 (37%) | 64 (18%) |
Scale value of fasting glucose levels† | 87 ± 6 | 92 ± 5 | 87 ± 7 |
Categorical value of fasting glucose levels | |||
< 85 mg/dL | 116 (28%) | 3 (4%) | 113 (33%) |
85–89 mg/dL | 108 (26%) | 12 (17%) | 96 (28%) |
90–94 mg/dL | 105 (25%) | 27 (38%) | 78 (23%) |
95–99 mg/dL | 89 (21%) | 29 (41%) | 60 (17%) |
Fasting glucose levels ≥ 90.5 mg/dL | 173 (41%) | 51 (72%) | 122 (35%) |