Learning curve of robot-assisted total knee arthroplasty and its effects on implant position in asian patients: a prospective study

Table 1 Participants’ baseline characteristics

Variable	Conventional TKA (n = 50)	Robot-arm assisted TKA (n = 50)	p-value ^b
Age (years)	70.54 ± 9.02	70.13 ± 4.84	0.778
Sex (male/female)	8/42	7/43	0.421
BMI (kg/m²)	26.71 ± 3.75	26.79 ± 3.21	0.959
K–L grade (III/IV)	37:13	41:9	0.470
HKA angle (°) ^c	6.21 ± 2.73	5.83 ± 2.69	0.764
Range of motion (°)	119.7 ± 18.83	118.4 ± 19.7	0.983

^a TKA, total knee arthroplasty; BMI, body mass index; K–L grade, Kellgren–Lawrence grade; HKA, hip–knee–ankle. ^b Independent t test for continuous variables and Pearson’s chi-square test for categorical variables. ^c A positive value denotes varus malalignment

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