Factor | Details | Adjusted odds ratio | 95% CI | Â | p |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
 |  |  | Lower | Upper |  |
Age | Per 10y | 1.04 | 0.98 | 1.09 | 0.21 |
Female | Â | 1.21 | 1.02 | 1.43 | 0.03 |
ASA ≥ 2 |  | 1.34 | 1.04 | 1.72 | 0.02 |
Rheumatoid arthritis | Â | 1.28 | 0.78 | 2.10 | 0.33 |
Anticoagulation | Â | 1.11 | 0.95 | 1.31 | 0.20 |
Cervical spine |  | 1.55 | 1.24 | 1.94 | < 0.001 |
Trauma | Â | 0.85 | 0.58 | 1.24 | 0.39 |
Deformity | Â | 1.39 | 0.96 | 1.99 | 0.08 |
Tumor |  | 2.02 | 1.34 | 3.03 | < 0.001 |
Ligamentous ossification | Â | 1.30 | 0.80 | 2.13 | 0.29 |
Posterior approach |  | 1.66 | 1.26 | 2.18 | < 0.001 |
Durotomy |  | 1.65 | 1.24 | 2.20 | < 0.001 |
Instrumentation | Â | 1.30 | 1.03 | 1.63 | 0.02 |
Interbody fusion | Â | 1.09 | 0.82 | 1.44 | 0.57 |
Osteotomy |  | 5.00 | 2.76 | 9.05 | < 0.001 |
Microendoscopy |  | 2.24 | 1.84 | 2.73 | < 0.001 |