Factor | Details | Adjusted odds ratio | 95% CI | Â | p |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
 |  |  | Lower | Upper |  |
Age | Per 10y | 1.03 | 0.99 | 1.07 | 0.17 |
Female | Â | 1.10 | 0.97 | 1.24 | 0.13 |
ASA ≥ 2 |  | 1.20 | 1.00 | 1.43 | 0.045 |
Rheumatoid arthritis |  | 2.40 | 1.61 | 3.58 | < 0.001 |
Number of levels operated | Per 1 level | 0.99 | 0.95 | 1.02 | 0.40 |
Cervical spine | Â | 1.26 | 1.07 | 1.47 | 0.005 |
Trauma | Â | 0.72 | 0.55 | 0.95 | 0.02 |
Deformity | Â | 1.18 | 0.88 | 1.59 | 0.27 |
Infection | Â | 0.66 | 0.40 | 1.07 | 0.09 |
Tumor | Â | 1.45 | 1.04 | 2.02 | 0.03 |
Ligamentous ossification | Â | 1.43 | 1.01 | 2.04 | 0.04 |
Posterior approach |  | 1.69 | 1.36 | 2.09 | < 0.001 |
Durotomy | Â | 1.42 | 1.14 | 1.79 | 0.002 |
Instrumentation | Â | 1.18 | 1.02 | 1.36 | 0.03 |
Osteotomy |  | 3.29 | 1.79 | 6.08 | < 0.001 |
Microendoscopy |  | 0.78 | 0.67 | 0.90 | < 0.001 |