Table 2 Intra- and inter-rater reliability, standard error of measurement and minimal detectable change

Shoulder ABD

29

80.6 (34.6)

81.1 (37.0)

80.8

0.962

0.918–0.982

 < 0.001

1.30 (1.60)

3.59 (4.45)

Shoulder IR

29

35.4 (12.8)

35.4 (12.0)

35.4

0.988

0.974–0.994

 < 0.001

0.21 (0.60)

0.59 (1.66)

Shoulder ER

29

26.5 (9.3)

26.8 (8.9)

26.6

0.984

0.965–0.992

 < 0.001

0.20 (0.75)

0.56 (2.09)

Shoulder flexors

30

68.1 (25.9)

72.0 (30.46)

70.1

0.985

0.953–0.994

 < 0.001

0.52 (0.75)

1.45 (2.07)

Elbow flexors

30

53.1 (17.9)

53.2 (16.52)

53.2

0.987

0.972–0.994

 < 0.001

0.27 (0.52)

0.76 (1.43)

Elbow extensors

30

33.0 (12.9)

32.1 (11.9)

32.5

0.990

0.978–0.995

 < 0.001

0.16 (0.50)

0.45 (1.38)

Wrist flexors

29

10.2 (3.1)

10.8 (3.2)

10.5

0.902

0.789–0.954

 < 0.001

0.30 (2.84)

0.83 (7.88)

Wrist extensors

30

7.6 (2.4)

7.7 (2.7)

7.6

0.947

0.890–0.975

 < 0.001

0.14 (1.80)

0.38 (4.99)

Hip ABD

29

125.4 (35.6)

127.8 (40.2)

126.6

0.956

0.907–0.979

 < 0.001

1.90 (1.50)

5.25 (4.15)

Hip IR

29

72.2 (20.7)

75.4 (21.6)

73.8

0.964

0.914–0.984

 < 0.001

0.90 (1.23)

2.51 (3.40)

Hip ER

29

54.2 (18.2)

55.4 (19.1)

54.8

0.966

0.929–0.984

 < 0.001

0.70 (1.28)

1.94 (3.55)

Hip flexors

29

131.2 (44.5)

138.6 (47.5)

134.9

0.933

0.854–0.969

 < 0.001

3.18 (2.36)

8.81 (6.53)

Hip extensors

29

217.6 (65.5)

221.4 (75.7)

219.5

0.961

0.917–0.981

 < 0.001

3.20 (1.46)

8.87 (4.04)

Knee flexors

29

94.1 (33.4)

92.2 (29.7)

93.1

0.956

0.907–0.979

 < 0.001

1.30 (1.39)

3.59 (3.86)

Knee extensors

30

149.6 (51.6)

148.4 (50.7)

149.0

0.983

0.964–0.992

 < 0.001

0.96 (0.64)

2.65 (1.78)

Ankle DF

30

23.6 (5.6)

23.8 (5.4)

23.7

0.967

0.932–0.984

 < 0.001

0.24 (1.00)

0.66 (2.78)

Ankle evertors

30

20.1 (6.0)

21.0 (7.1)

20.6

0.965

0.922–0.984

 < 0.001

0.26 (1.27)

0.72 (3.52)

Muscle Groups

N

S1

S2

Mean (S1 + S2) / 2

Inter-rater reliability

Nm (%)

Shoulder ABD

29

80.6 (38.5)

80.1 (35.2)

80.3

0.956

0.906–0.979

 < 0.001

1.53 (1.90)

4.24 (5.28)

Shoulder IR

28

34.7 (12.5)

35.1 (13.2)

34.9

0.977

0.951–0.989

 < 0.001

0.34 (0.98)

0.94 (2.70)

Shoulder ER

29

25.6 (9.03)

26.0 (8.8)

25.8

0.979

0.955–0.990

 < 0.001

0.24 (0.93)

0.67 (2.58)

Shoulder flexors

30

68.1 (30.0)

75.4 (30.1)

71.8

0.963

0.822–0.987

 < 0.001

1.13 (1.58)

3.14 (4.38)

Elbow flexors

30

53.1 (17.9)

54.4 (17.9)

53.8

0.988

0.974–0.994

 < 0.001

0.26 (0.49)

0.73 (1.35)

Elbow extensors

30

33.0 (12.9)

32.6 (12.0)

32.8

0.989

0.978–0.995

 < 0.001

0.17 (0.51)

0.47 (1.43)

Wrist flexors

29

10.2 (3.1)

9.4 (2.9)

9.8

0.888

0.731–0.950

 < 0.001

0.32 (3.25)

0.88 (9.02)

Wrist extensors

30

7.6 (2.4)

7.5 (2.6)

7.5

0.902

0.794–0.953

 < 0.001

0.23 (3.06)

0.64 (8.49)

Hip ABD

30

125.4 (35.0)

124.4 (35.9)

124.9

0.965

0.927–0.983

 < 0.001

1.41 (1.13)

3.9 (3.12)

Hip IR

28

71.8 (21.0)

63.3 (20.2)

67.5

0.897

0.548–0.964

 < 0.001

2.01 (2.98)

5.57 (8.25)

Hip ER

28

53.8 (18.3)

50.1 (18.5)

51.9

0.938

0.854–0.973

 < 0.001

1.07 (2.05)

2.95 (5.69)

Hip flexors

28

130.5 (45.2)

123.5 (37.7)

127.0

0.964

0.908–0.985

 < 0.001

1.73 (1.36)

4.80 (3.78)

Hip extensors

30

216.6 (64.6)

234.4 (76.8)

223.4

0.920

0.802–0.965

 < 0.001

5.80 (2.57)

16.06 (7.12)

Knee flexors

28

93.7 (33.9)

85.5 (29)

89.6

0.931

0.805–0.972

 < 0.001

1.85 (2.06)

5.13 (5.72)

Knee extensors

30

149.6 (51.6)

142.2 (54.8)

145.9

0.949

0.891–0.976

 < 0.001

2.47 (1.69)

6.84 (4.69)

Ankle DF

30

23.6 (5.6)

23.7 (5.3)

23.6

0.930

0.853–0.967

 < 0.001

0.40 (1.70)

1.12 (4.72)

Ankle evertors

30

20.1 (6.0)

18.9 (6.1)

19.5

0.944

0.859–0.975

 < 0.001

0.37 (1.91)

1.03 (5.29)