Table 2 Characteristics of included studies by themes and level of evidence

Anatomy (n = 39)

Level 1 (n = 0)

Level 2 (n = 1)

Level 3 (n = 1)

Level 4 (n = 27)

Level 5 (n = 10)

Reference number(s)

-

[57]

[163]

[8, 34, 39, 54, 56, 58, 63, 68, 74, 79, 82, 105, 109, 123, 125, 129, 141, 144, 167, 171, 173, 184, 185, 189, 207, 209, 212]

[28, 33, 36, 69, 76, 80, 86, 113, 138, 219]

Function (n = 47)

Level 1 (n = 1)

Level 2 (n = 3)

Level 3 (n = 16)

Level 4 (n = 14)

Level 5 (n = 13)

Reference number(s)

[193]

[99, 120, 130]

[20, 25, 37, 42, 47, 51, 65, 83, 102, 103, 114, 116, 121, 190, 213, 228]

[21, 23, 29, 40, 44, 46, 52, 70, 78, 84, 101, 112, 117, 159]

[27, 30,31,32, 35, 38, 50, 85, 88, 94, 100, 106, 153]

Pathology (n = 37)

Level 1 (n = 2)

Level 2 (n = 4)

Level 3 (n = 18)

Level 4 (n = 10)

Level 5 (n = 3)

Reference number(s)

[178, 196]

[48, 89, 158, 198]

[53, 55, 61, 62, 87, 98, 148, 152, 157, 161, 177, 179, 191, 197, 203, 205, 217, 227]

[22, 45, 59, 75, 77, 111, 124, 137, 172, 195]

[24, 64, 96]

Assessment (n = 50)

Level 1 (n = 10)

Level 2 (n = 20)

Level 3 (n = 8)

Level 4 (n = 9)

Level 5 (n = 3)

Reference number(s)

[43, 95, 107, 108, 118, 128, 150, 183, 188, 221]

[41, 60, 67, 73, 81, 90, 104, 110, 115, 132, 139, 149, 165, 166, 168, 169, 175, 181, 187, 214]

[122, 134, 155, 156, 160, 162, 199, 206]

[49, 66, 72, 135, 140, 144, 164, 176, 180]

[119, 151, 220]

Management (n = 41)

Level 1 (n = 7)

Level 2 (n = 7)

Level 3 (n = 18)

Level 4 (n = 7)

Level 5 (n = 2)

Reference number(s)

[97, 131, 142, 201, 215, 230, 231]

[91, 114, 126, 182, 210, 226, 229]

[19, 26, 71, 92, 93, 136, 146, 154, 170, 174, 192, 194, 200, 204, 208, 216, 222, 223]

[133, 143, 145, 147, 202, 218, 224]

[186, 225]

Totals (n = 214)

Level 1 (n = 20)

Level 2 (n = 35)

Level 3 (n = 61)

Level 4 (n = 67)

Level 5 (n = 31)