Table 2 Data extraction table
Author (year) | Study design | Age | Method of diagnosis | Follow-up | Bony disorder | Intervention 1 | Intervention 2 | Outcomes | Results |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Kedia et al. (2014) [23] | RCT (n = 36) | 54 | Clinical examination | 6, 12 weeks | Not reported | CPT | CPT, EE | VAS,SF-36, FAOQ, AROM, MMT | Significant improved VAS (E: 2.43 ± 1.99 vs C: 1.50 ± 2.16), SF-36 (E: 70.00 ± 19.95 vs C: 70.50 ± 19.97), FAOQ (E: 0.78 ± 0.58; C: 0.74 ± 0.75) in both groups. No significant differences between groups. VAS: p = 0.129, SF-36: p = 0.789, FAOQ: p = 0.464 |
Notarnicola et al. (2012) [24] | RCT (n = 64) | 55.8 | X-ray, US, MRI | 10th-15th days, 8, 24 weeks | Not reported | Placebo ESWT | AS, ESWT | VAS, AOFAS AHS, RMS | Significant improved VAS at 8 weeks in both groups. No significant differences between groups. (E:3.9, 3.2 vs C:5.1, 2.7, p = 0.07) |
Notarnicola et al. (2014) [25] | RCT (n = 60) | 58.5 | X-ray, US, MRI | 10th-15th days, 8, 24 weeks | Not reported | CHELT | ESWT | VAS, AOFAS AHS, RMS | Significant improved VAS at 8 (p < 0.0001) and 24 weeks (p < 0.0001). VAS was lower in CHELT group at 8 (CHELT: 2.3, 1.1 vs ESWT: 4.9, 0.9) and 24 weeks (CHELT: 2.4, 1.6 vs ESWT: 5.4, 2.7). |
Pinitkwamdee et al. (2020) [26] | RCT (n = 31) | 59 | Clinical examination, X-ray, US, MRI | 2, 3, 4, 6, 12, and 24 weeks | Haglund deformity, Calcification | ESWT, CPT | Placebo ESWT | VAS, VAS-FA | No significant difference in VAS (6.0 ± 2.6 vs 5.2 ± 2.2) and VAS-FA (64.8 ± 16.6 vs 65.3 ± 12.7) between groups in follow-ups. |
Mansur et al. (2021) [11] | RCT (n = 119) | 52.9 | Clinical examination, US | 2, 4, 6, 12, and 24 weeks | Haglund deformity | ESWT + EE | EE | VAS, VISA-A, SF-12, algometry, FAOS | Significantly improved all outcomes. No between-group differences in any of the outcomes. (all p > 0.05) |
Horstmann et al. (2013) [27] | RCT (n = 58) | 46 | Clinical examination, US | 12 weeks | Not reported | WBV | EE, WS | VAS, Likert scale, muscle strength and flexibility | Significant improved VAS in all groups. No between-group differences in VAS (all p > 0.05). |
Gatz, Matthias et al. (2020) [28] | RCT (n = 30) | 48.4 | Clinical examination, US | 12 weeks | Not reported | EE | IS | VISA-A, AOFAS AHS, Likert scale, RMS | Significant improved VISA-A in all groups. No between-group differences in VISA-A (p = 0.362). |
McCormack et al. (2016) [29] | RCT (n = 16) | 53.6 | Clinical examination | 4, 8, 12, 26, and 52 weeks | Not reported | ST | EE | NPRS, VISA-A, GROC | Both groups experienced a similar statistically significant improvement in pain over the short and long term (p = 0.02). A significantly substantial number of subjects in the Astym group achieved a successful outcome at 12 weeks (p = 0.01). |
Rompe et al. (2008) [30] | RCT (n = 50) | 39.8 | Clinical examination | 16, 52 weeks | Not reported | EE | ESWT | NPRS, VISA-A, Likert scale | For all outcome measures, the group that received shock wave therapy showed significantly more favourable results than those treated with eccentric loading (p = 0.002). |