Table 3 Participant Baseline Demographic and Symptom Characteristics
|  | Pre-implementation Cohort (n = 72) | Post implementation cohort (n = 57) |
|---|---|---|
Age, median years (IQR) | 54.5 (14)Â | 54Â (18)Â |
Gender, (n) Male: Female | 25:47 | 18:39 |
Migrant, n (%) | 58 (81) | 49 (86) |
 Years in Australia, median (IQR) | 9.5 (22.5) | 7 (19.5) |
Predominant cultural identification, n (%) | ||
 Australian | 13 (18) | 8 (14) |
 Assyrian or Chaldean | 23 (32) | 23 (40) |
 Mandaean | 12 (16.6) | 5 (9) |
 Arab | 10 (13.6) | 4 (7) |
 Vietnamese | 5 (7) | 5 (9) |
 Other culturally diverse community | 9 (12.5) | 12 (21) |
English language proficiency, n (%) | ||
 Only English | 12 (17) | 7 (12) |
 Well or very well | 23 (32) | 14 (25) |
 Not well or not at all | 37 (51) | 36 (63) |
Marital status - Married n (%) | 51 (70.8) | 34 (59.7) |
Living Situation | ||
 With family, n (%) | 67 (93.1) | 52 (91.2) |
Level of education, n (%) | Â | Â |
 No school or primary | 25 (34.7) | 21 (36.8) |
 Secondary | 27 (37.5) | 22 (38.6) |
 Tertiary or higher degree | 20 (27.8) | 14 (24.6) |
Work status, n (%) | ||
 Full or part-time work | 2 (2.8) | 5 (8.8) |
 Unemployed due to pain | 51 (70.8) | 36 (63.2) |
 Carer or domestic role | 5 (6.9) | 8 (14) |
 Retired | 5 (6.9) | 3 (5.3) |
 Other | 9 (12.5) | 5 (8.8) |
No private health insurance, n (%) | 66 (91.7%) | 52 (91.2%) |
Number of comorbidities, median (IQR) | 2Â (3) | 3Â (3) |
Duration of Pain median (IQR) | 10Â (8) | 10 (11.8) |
Pain symptoms constant, n (%) | 63 (87.5) | 50 (87.7) |
Number of areas of pain, median (IQR) | 6Â (4) | 5 (3)Â |
Classes of medication* /5, median (range) | 2 (0–4) | 2 (0–4) |
Patient Activation Measure#, median (IQR) | 51 (15.5) | 51 (18.4) |
Patient Activation Level# / 4, n (%) | ||
 Level 1 | 27 (38) | 21 (36.8) |
 Level 2 | 21 (29) | 18 (31.6) |
 Level 3 | 18 (25) | 14 (24.6) |
 Level 4 | 6 (8) | 4 (7) |
Health Literacy Questionnaire items# | ||
Scales of agreement /4, median (IQR) | ||
 1 Feel understood | 3 (0.5) | 3 (0.38) |
 2 Sufficient information | 2.75 (0.75) | 2.5 (1.0) |
 3 Actively manage health | 3 (0.4) | 2.8 (0.8) |
 4 Social support | 2.8 (0.7) | 3 (0.7) |
 5 Appraise health information | 2.9 (0.6) | 2.8 (0.8) |
Scales of capabilities /5, median (IQR) | ||
 6 Ability to engage HCP /5 | 3.6 (1.15) | 3.8 (1.1) |
 7 Navigate health systems /5 | 3.33 (1.16) | 3.5 (1.33) |
 8 Find good information /5 | 3.2 (1.2) | 3.4 (1.4) |
 9 Understand health information /5 | 3.4 (1.0) | 3.4 (1.1) |