Table 2 Sociodemographic, lifestyle, and health-related variables for people with HKOA

Age (mean ± SD)

64.33 ± 12.90

65.32 ± 12.04

62.17 ± 14.38

0.091

 < 45 years, n (%)

38 (6.1)

24 (4.3)

14 (10.2)

0.265

 45–54 years, n (%)

138 (6.0)

98 (15.7)

40 (17.4)

 55–64 years, n (%)

279 (23.2)

209 (23.9)

70 (21.7)

 65–74 years, n (%)

351 (31.3)

261 (31.4)

90 (30.9)

 ≥75 years, n (%)

229 (23.2)

173 (24.7)

56 (19.8)

Female sex, n (%)

744 (65.4)

571 (72.2)

173 (50.5)

< 0.001

Geographic location, n (%)

0.478

 North

281 (35.6)

205 (36.0)

76 (34.8)

 Centre

255 (27.8)

180 (26.2)

75 (21.4)

 Lisbon

171 (23.7)

121 (23.4)

50 (24.4)

 Alentejo

69 (6.4)

53 (7.0)

16 (5.1)

 Algarve

22 (1.9)

18 (2.3)

4 (1.1)

 Islands

237 (4.6)

188 (5.3)

49 (3.3)

Marital status, n (%)

 With partner

662 (63.8)

477 (64.0)

185 (63.3)

0.893

Years of education, n (%)

0.024

 < 4 years

257 (23.0)

208 (26.6)

49 (15.1)

 4–9 years

652 (62.2)

474 (58.9)

178 (68.9)

 ≥10 years

124 (14.8)

82 (14.2)

42 (16.0)

BMI, n (%)

0.067

 Underweight/normal weight

173 (21.1)

114 (18)

59 (27.8)

 Overweight

404 (43.4)

294 (43.5)

110 (43.3)

 Obese

381 (35.4)

297 (38.5)

84 (28.8)

Lifestyle factors, n (%)

 Smoker

75 (10.9)

47 (7.9)

28 (17.3)

0.015

 Daily alcohol intake

225 (28.5)

152 (24.5)

73 (37.1)

0.016

 Regular exercise

220 (21.5)

146 (19.4)

74 (26.2)

0.116

 Multimorbidity, n (%)

783 (73.8)

608 (79.4)

175 (61.5)

< 0.001