Table 5 Prospective associations between psychosocial factors at baseline and no frequent pain at follow-up
Unadjusted models | Adjusted models (age, education, place of birth) | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
OR1 | 95% CI2 | p-value | OR | 95% CI | p-value | |
GSE (general self-efficacy) | ||||||
Men (women = ref3) | 0.94 | 0.70–1.26 | 0.677 | 1.01 | 0.75–1.37 | 0.931 |
High GSE (low = ref) | 0.75 | 0.56–1.01 | 0.059 | 0.80 | 0.59–1.08 | 0.149 |
Men | ||||||
High GSE (low = ref) | 0.74 | 0.43–1.27 | 0.284 | 0.78 | 0.44–1.36 | 0.378 |
Women | ||||||
High GSE (low = ref) | 0.76 | 0.53–1.07 | 0.119 | 0.81 | 0.57–1.17 | 0.261 |
ISS (instrumental social support) | ||||||
Men (women = ref) | 0.97 | 0.72–1.31 | 0.856 | 1.03 | 0.76–1.40 | 0.839 |
ISS strong (weak = ref) | 2.03 | 1.21–3.55 | 0.009 | 1.71 | 1.01–3.02 | 0.054 |
ISS mixed (weak = ref) | 1.86 | 1.08–3.30 | 0.029 | 1.73 | 1.00–3.10 | 0.057 |
Men | ||||||
ISS strong (weak = ref) | 1.72 | 0.68–4.96 | 0.278 | 1.35 | 0.51–4.01 | 0.562 |
ISS mixed (weak = ref) | 1.85 | 0.70–5.48 | 0.233 | 1.62 | 0.60–4.88 | 0.360 |
Women | ||||||
ISS strong (weak = ref) | 2.19 | 1.19–4.28 | 0.016 | 1.89 | 1.01–3.74 | 0.056 |
ISS mixed (weak = ref) | 1.85 | 0.97–3.69 | 0.070 | 1.74 | 0.91–3.52 | 0.106 |
With interaction | ||||||
Men (women = ref) | 1.12 | 0.35–3.27 | 0.841 | 1.23 | 0.38–3.65 | 0.710 |
ISS strong (weak = ref) | 2.19 | 1.19–4.28 | 0.016 | 1.87 | 1.00–3.69 | 0.059 |
ISS mixed (weak = ref) | 1.85 | 0.97–3.69 | 0.070 | 1.74 | 0.91–3.50 | 0.107 |
ISS (strong)*4Sex (male) | 0.78 | 0.25–2.65 | 0.683 | 0.75 | 0.24–2.56 | 0.634 |
ISS (mixed)*Sex (male) | 1.00 | 0.31–3.52 | 0.997 | 0.96 | 0.29–3.41 | 0.951 |
ESS (emotional social support) | ||||||
Men (women = ref) | 0.98 | 0.73–1.32 | 0.902 | 1.03 | 0.76–1.40 | 0.069 |
ESS strong (weak = ref) | 1.23 | 0.76–2.06 | 0.412 | 1.14 | 0.69–1.92 | 0.623 |
ESS mixed (weak = ref) | 1.36 | 0.74–2.52 | 0.330 | 1.34 | 0.72–2.50 | 0.360 |
Men | ||||||
ESS strong (weak = ref) | 0.67 | 0.32–1.44 | 0.293 | 0.60 | 0.28–1.30 | 0.187 |
ESS mixed (weak = ref) | 1.06 | 0.43–2.61 | 0.906 | 1.07 | 0.43–2.70 | 0.881 |
Women | ||||||
ESS strong (weak = ref) | 1.94 | 0.99–4.09 | 0.065 | 1.82 | 0.92–3.88 | 0.101 |
ESS mixed (weak = ref) | 1.67 | 0.72–4.05 | 0.242 | 1.63 | 0.69–4.00 | 0.275 |
With interaction | ||||||
Men (women = ref) | 2.34 | 0.90–6.29 | 0.084 | 2.51 | 0.95–6.86 | 0.067 |
ESS strong (weak = ref) | 1.94 | 0.99–4.09 | 0.065 | 1.81 | 0.91–3.87 | 0.102 |
ESS mixed (weak = ref) | 1.67 | 0.72–4.05 | 0.242 | 1.63 | 0.69–4.00 | 0.276 |
ESS (strong)*Sex (male) | 0.35 | 0.12–0.96 | 0.042 | 0.34 | 0.12–0.94 | 0.040 |
ESS (mixed)*Sex (male) | 0.63 | 0.18–2.18 | 0.468 | 0.66 | 0.19–2.33 | 0.520 |