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Table 1 Characteristics of the populations “frequent pain”, “no frequent pain” and “pain follow-up”

From: General self-efficacy and social support in men and women with pain – irregular sex patterns of cross-sectional and longitudinal associations in a general population sample

 

Frequent pain

No frequent pain

Pain follow-up

Women n1 (%)

Men n (%)

Women n (%)

Men n (%)

Women n (%)

Men n (%)

Total

754 (65)

401 (35)

1471 (52)

1384 (48)

590 (67)

291 (33)

Age

 19–30 years

130 (17)

58 (15)

331 (23)

304 (22)

84 (14)

36 (12)

 31–50 years

331 (44)

182 (45)

667 (45)

619 (45)

251 (43)

125 (43)

 51–64 years

293 (39)

161 (40)

473 (32)

461 (33)

255 (43)

130 (45)

Education

 University/higher education

279 (37)

97 (24)

635 (43)

486 (35)

228 (39)

74 (25)

 Upper secondary school

311 (41)

191 (48)

597 (41)

647 (47)

230 (39)

128 (44)

 Compulsory school

154 (20)

111 (28)

227 (15)

235 (17)

123 (21)

87 (30)

 [Missing]

10 (1)

2 (1)

12 (1)

16 (1)

9 (2)

2 (1)

Country of birth

 Nordic countries

666 (88)

350 (87)

1361 (93)

1250 (90)

526 (89)

259 (89)

 Other countries

88 (12)

51 (13)

110 (8)

134 (10)

64 (11)

32 (11)

Instrumental social support (ISS)

 Strong ISS

402 (53)

218 (54)

928 (63)

858 (62)

319 (54)

162 (56)

  Mixed ISS

252 (33)

133 (33)

442 (30)

364 (26)

203 (34)

97 (33)

 Weak ISS

87 (12)

39 (10)

79 (5)

123 (9)

61 (10)

24 (8)

 [Missing]

13 (2)

11 (3)

22 (2)

39 (3)

7 (1)

8 (3)

Emotional social support (ESS)

 Strong ESS

606 (80)

270 (67)

1308 (89)

1098 (79)

473 (80)

203 (70)

 Mixed ESS

75 (10)

69 (17)

92 (6)

146 (11)

61 (10)

48 (17)

 Weak ESS

59 (8)

52 (13)

55 (4)

109 (8)

46 (8)

33 (11)

 [Missing]

14 (2)

10 (3)

16 (1)

31 (2)

10 (2)

7 (2)

General self-efficacy (GSE), dichotomized

 High general self-efficacy

445 (59)

276 (69)

1099 (75)

1125 (81)

354 (60)

202 (69)

 Low general self-efficacy

296 (39)

115 (29)

346 (24)

239 (17)

227 (39)

84 (29)

 [Missing]

13 (2)

10 (3)

26 (2)

20 (1)

9 (2)

5 (2)

 

Women mean (SD2)

Men mean (SD)

Women mean (SD)

Men mean (SD)

Women mean (SD)

Men mean (SD)

General self-efficacy (GSE), continuous

2.8 (0.53)

2.9 (0.48)

3.0 (0.42)

3.1 (0.43)

2.8 (0.52)

2.9 (0.47)

  1. “Frequent pain”: Pain in the back or neck/shoulder, nearly every day or now and then during the week during the past 12 months.” No frequent pain”: Pain in the back or neck/shoulder, now and then during the month or almost never or never during the past 12 months. “Pain follow-up”: Individuals with frequent pain at baseline who rated their pain in the back or neck/shoulder at follow-up.
  2. 1n number, 2SD standard deviation