Table 3 Overall radiographic and clinical outcome of LLIF

Lumbar Lordosis(°)

36.3 ± 11.5

38.5 ± 6.8

<0.01^*

38.4 ± 6.4

<0.01^*

Disc Height (mm)

6.9 ± 2.4

8.8 ± 1.4

<0.01^*

8.8 ± 1.6

<0.01^*

Foraminal Height (mm)

14.2 ± 1.6

15.8 ± 2.8

<0.01^*

16.6 ± 1.0^a

<0.01^*

Segmental Angle(°)

5.6 ± 3.0

11.2 ± 5.0

<0.01^*

6.9 ± 1.8

<0.01^*

Cross-Sectional Area of Thecal Sac (mm²)

136.7 ± 23.0

178.2 ± 15.6

<0.01^*

173.5 ± 9.0^a

<0.01^*

VAS Back Pain

4.8 ± 1.1

2.4 ± 1.0

<0.01^*

2.46 ± 0.8

<0.01^*

VAS Leg Pain

4.5 ± 1.0

1.9 ± 0.9

<0.01^*

1.8 ± 0.8

<0.01^*

ODI

44.3% ± 12.0%

19.1% ± 8.6%

<0.01^*

23.8% ± 7.2%

<0.01^*