Apical region correction and global balance: a 3-rods surgical strategy for the treatment of severe and rigid scoliosis

Table 2 Radiological outcomes

Radiographic	Preoperative	Postoperative	CR^a(%)	P-value^b	Follow-up	CR^c(%)	P value^d
Coronal plane
Main curve (°)	101.6 ± 12.1	48.6 ± 17.8	53.1	0.000*	49.7 ± 14.9	51.1	0.000*
AVT of the main curve (mm)	103.3 ± 17.6	64.2 ± 16.4	/	0.000*	67.4 ± 19.8	/	0.000*
Compensatory curve (°)	61.1 ± 15.7	39.2 ± 19.5	35.8	0.000*	39.8 ± 19.7	34.9	0.000*
AVT of the compensatory curve (mm)	18.2 ± 12.1	17.4 ± 12.2	/	0.014*	16.5 ± 15.1	/	0.001*
Trunk shift (mm)	28.3 ± 14.3	18.6 ± 13.7	/	0.28	17.8 ± 10.2	/	0.91
Sagittal plane
Thoracic kyphosis (°)	58.5 ± 18.6	42.4 ± 13.9	27.5	0.002*	43.9 ± 12.7	24.8	0.003*
Hypokyphosis (n = 1)	17.8	32.2			30.6
Normal kyphosis (n = 14)	45.1 ± 2.9	39.1 ± 5.9		0.016*	38.9 ± 4.2		0.012*
Hyperkyphosis (n = 26)	67.3 ± 10.1	44.6 ± 11.8		0.000*	47.1 ± 12.7		0.000*
Lumbar lordosis (°)	62.7 ± 17.2	57.2 ± 12.5	/	0.021*	57.8 ± 10.8	/	0.029*
Pelvic tilt (°)	14.1 ± 12.5	13.9 ± 11.1	/	0.35	12.6 ± 9.8	/	0.77
Pelvic incidence (°)	42.4 ± 14.7	41.9 ± 14.1	/	0.06	40.7 ± 12.8	/	0.45
Sacral slope (°)	32.8 ± 11.3	35.4 ± 8.6	/	0.22	34.9 ± 7.9	/	0.30
Sagittal vertical axis (mm)	35.2 ± 22.3	24.8 ± 14.7	/	0.23	26.1 ± 13.5	/	0.12

CR^a indicated the correction rates before the operation and after the operation; P-value^b means comparison before the operation and after the operation
CR^c means correction rates before the operation and at the final follow-up; P value^d means comparison between before the operation and at the final follow-up
^* Shows significant difference; AVT, apex vertebra translation

ISSN: 1471-2474