Skip to main content

Table 3 Simple crude and adjusted logistic regression models on dizziness at 12 months for relevant measures

From: Cervical musculoskeletal, physical and psychological factors associated with ongoing dizziness in patients with whiplash associated disorder, 12 months after undertaking a neck specific or general exercise intervention

Type of measures

Measures of change at 12 months

n

Crude

Adjusteda

B

Odds

Ratio

95% CI for

Odds Ratio

p-value

Pseudo R2

B

Odds

Ratio

95% CI for

Odds Ratio

p-value

Pseudo R2

Pain and

disability

VAS neck pain, now (0–100 mm)

170

−.014

.986

.973–.999

.033

.037

−.029

.971

.953–989

.002

.426

Neck Disability Index (0–100%)

168

−.039

.962

.938–.986

.002

.080

−.061

.941

.909–.974

.001

.467

Pain Disability Index (0–70)

170

−.027

.974

.948–.999

.044

.034

−.081

.922

.881–.965

.001

.474

Psychological

Pain Catastrophizing Scale (0–52)

166

−.033

.968

.934–1.003

.069

.028

−.030

.970

.926–1.016

.201

.357

HAD Anxiety (0–21)

167

−.051

.950

.862–1.047

.301

.009

−.059

.943

.826–1.076

.382

.360

HAD Depression (0–21)

166

−.023

.978

.889–1.076

.644

.002

−.100

.905

.789–1.037

.151

.390

Self-Efficacy Scale (0–200)

164

−.004

.996

.986–1.005

.492

.007

−.011

.989

.975–1.004

.142

.399

Tampa Scale of Kinesiophobia (11–44)

165

−.038

.963

.908–1.020

.197

.014

−.031

.969

.897–1.047

.430

.374

Musculoskeletal

physical

NME, flexion (seconds)

159

−.012

.988

.978–.998

.014

.059

−.021

.980

.965–.994

.006

.439

NME, extension (seconds)

154

−.001

.999

.997–1.001

.207

.016

.000

1.000

.998–1.001

.596

.402

ROM, flexion (degrees)

165

.009

1.009

.984–1.035

.476

.004

−.010

.990

.955–1.027

.601

.389

ROM, extension (degrees)

165

−.010

.990

.965–1.015

.418

.005

−.011

.989

.956–1.023

.512

.394

ROM, flexion + extension (degrees)

165

.000

1.000

.983–1.016

.953

.000

−.005

.995

.973–1.017

.630

.399

ROM, rotation right + left (degrees)

165

−.018

.982

.967–.998

.028

.042

−.023

.978

.955–1.001

.056

.402

Quality of life

EQ-5D Index (−.594–1.000)

165

−.631

.532

.148–1.915

.334

.008

−1.058

.347

.045–2.655

.308

.390

EQ-VAS (0–100 mm)

166

−.007

.993

.978–1.003

.354

.007

−.025

.975

.953–.998

.030

.426

  1. a Adjusted for baseline measures; sex, age, WAD-level, Neck-Specific Exercise, Dizziness, and each separate predictor
  2. Dependent variable, dizziness at 12 months; VAS visual analogue scale; NME Neck muscle endurance; ROM range of motion, HAD-A HAD-D hospital anxiety and depression scales, EQ-5D EQ-VAS- EuroQuol quality of life index
Back to article page

BMC Musculoskeletal Disorders

ISSN: 1471-2474

Contact us