Table 1 Safety window and depth to tibialis posterior in ultrasound-guided studies
Study | Anterior Approach (upper third point of the leg) | Posterior/Medial Approach (mid-point of the leg) | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
Safety window | Depth to tibialis posterior | Safety window | Depth to tibialis posterior | |
Won et al. [7] | 1.47 ± 0.38 cm (0.62 cm to 2.16 cm) | 2.31 ± 0.34 cm (1.57 cm to 3.16 cm) | ||
Rha et al. [8] | 1.09 ± 0.27 cm (0.64 cm to 2.13 cm) | 3.34 ± 0.47 cm (2.47 cm to 4.66 cm) | ||
Rha et al. [9] | 0.63 ± 0.12 cm (0.44 cm to 0.93 cm) | 2.09 ± 0.17 cm (1.25 cm to 2.69 cm) | 0.74 ± 0.23 cm (0.21 cm to 1.18 cm) | 2.08 ± 0.38 cm (0.99 cm to 3.06 cm) |
Won et al. [10] | 1.29 ± 0.27 cm (0.7 cm to 2.12 cm) | 2.61 ± 0.44 cm (0.79 cm to 3.56 cm) | 1.45 ± 0.39 cm (0.31 cm to 2.78 cm) | 2.43 ± 0.40 cm (1.58 cm to 3.52 cm) |