Table 3 Pooled risk of demographic characteristics and comorbidities for postoperative pneumonia following hip fracture surgery

Age

5

0.50^a

0.10

0.90

0.01

90

Random

Male

10

1.50

1.12

2.01

< 0.01

72

Random

BMI

5

-0.32^a

−0.90

0.25

0.27

97

Random

Dependent functional status

2

1.87

0.84

4.13

0.12

88

Random

ASA scale ≥3

4

3.17

1.25

8.05

0.02

90

Random

Smoking

6

1.15

0.82

1.60

0.43

0

Fixed

Anemia

3

1.55

1.16

2.08

< 0.01

85

Random

Hypertension

7

1.08

0.89

1.30

0.45

0

Fixed

Diabetes mellitus

9

1.11

0.91

1.37

0.30

7

Fixed

COPD

8

2.05

1.43

2.94

< 0.01

52

Random

Coronary heart disease

6

1.82

1.27

2.60

< 0.01

56

Random

Arrhythmia

4

1.49

1.04

2.15

0.03

0

Fixed

Congestive heart failure

3

1.41

1.14

1.75

< 0.01

5

Fixed

Chronic kidney disease

4

2.09

1.28

3.41

< 0.01

0

Fixed

Cerebrovascular accident

6

2.14

1.60

2.85

< 0.01

22

Fixed

Dementia

3

2.03

0.87

4.71

0.10

59

Random

Cancer

3

1.56

0.93

2.63

0.09

23

Fixed