Table 5 Imaging parameters of paraspinal muscles among different ages (Data is presented as Mean ± SD)

MF FCSA/TMCSA(%)

17.52 ± 5.10

21.58 ± 7.90

26.97 ± 10.16

31.13 ± 11.28

 < 0.001

 TMCSA (cm2)

18.31 ± 3.02

17.80 ± 4.33

16.57 ± 3.09

16.66 ± 2.40

0.182

 VBE(cm2)

14.38 ± 1.81

14.10 ± 2.15

14.67 ± 2.41

15.01 ± 2.34

0.634

 RCSA

0.64 ± 0.094

0.64 ± 0.15

0.58 ± 0.12

0.57 ± 0.11

0.038

 CSA asymmetry(%)

9.00 ± 6.14

7.84 ± 6.93

7.55 ± 5.42

8.43 ± 6.32

0.058

ES FCSA/TMCSA(%)

13.90 ± 6.79

16.84 ± 7.13

28.13 ± 14.08

31.49 ± 16.89

 < 0.001

 TMCSA (cm2)

24.73 ± 6.41

24.00 ± 6.16

24.62 ± 4.83

21.99 ± 5.37

0.063

 RCSA

0.86 ± 0.20

0.86 ± 0.22

0.86 ± 0.19

0.75 ± 0.20

0.961

 CSA asymmetry(%)

12.32 ± 10.03

12.74 ± 10.81

10.42 ± 6.94

8.30 ± 6.04

0.553

PS FCSA/TMCSA(%)

1.70 ± 1.30

1.30 ± 1.12

2.77 ± 1.99

3.39 ± 2.86

0.002

 TMCSA (cm2)

29.91 ± 9.79

25.53 ± 8.39

23.31 ± 6.63

20.50 ± 5.13

0.001

 RCSA

1.03 ± 0.30

0.89 ± 0.20

0.79 ± 0.17

0.69 ± 0.15

 < 0.001

 CSA asymmetry(%)

7.30 ± 6.53

8.29 ± 6.32

9.33 ± 7.90

8.07 ± 5.94

0.794