Fig. 3

KL grades, based on MIA dose. a-c KL grades increased in a time-dependent manner in the 0.25-mg, 0.5-mg, and 1.0-mg MIA groups. d–e However, in the 2-mg and 4-mg MIA groups, the KL grades reached a plateau 8 weeks after administration. Data are presented as mean ± SEM, n = 6 rats per group. Data were analyzed using two-way ANOVA, followed by the Tukey–Kramer method. *, p < 0.05; **, p < 0.01 (vs. 1 week group). §, p < 0.05; §§, p < 0.01 (vs. 2-week group); ¶¶, p < 0.01 (vs. four-week group). †, p < 0.05 (vs. eight-week group). Abbreviations: KL, Kellgren and Lawrence system; MIA, monoiodoacetate; SEM, standard error of the mean