Table 1 Characteristics of the participating patients

Sex, female; n (%)

771 (59.8)

844 (63.3)

63 (57.3)

279 (55.5)

429 (63.5)

0.018

7 (54.8)

218 (57.8)

609 (65.8)

0.015

Age, years

68.3 (8.8)

67.5 (8.4)

69.9 (8.1)

69.3 (8.5)

67.3 (9.1)

 < 0.001

67.1 (9.6)

69.9 (7.9)

66.5 (8.4)

< 0.001

Body mass index; kg/m²

27.2 (4.2)

29.3 (4.6)

27.4 (4.9)

27.1 (4.1)

27.4 (4.2)

0.409

28.9 (5.4)

29.6 (4.7)

29.2 (4.5)

0.309

Living status; n (%)

0.015

0.015

 - Alone

281 (21.8)

309 (23.2)

36 (32.7)

104 (20.7)

141 (20.9)

12 (38.7)

100 (26.5)

197 (21.3)

 - With others

1008 (78.2)

1024 (76.8)

74 (67.3)

399 (79.3)

535 (79.1)

19 (61.3)

277 (73.5)

728 (78.7)

Working, yes; n (%)

306 (23.9)

327 (24.5)

23 (20.9)

103 (20.6)

180 (26.8)

0.036

5 (16.1)

57 (15.2)

265 (29.0)

< 0.001

Working < 67 years

280 (55.0)

303 (53.0)

21 (56.8)

91 (51.1)

168 (57.3)

0.412

5 (41.7)

49 (42.6)

249 (56.2)

0.024

Comorbidity*, yes, n (%)

 - Musculoskeletal

501 (38.9)

557 (41.8)

47 (42.7)

195 (38.8)

259 (38.3)

0.978

13 (41.9)

159 (42.2)

385 (41.6)

0.833

 - Non‐musculoskeletal

795 (61.7)

821 (61.6)

71 (64.5)

291 (57.9)

433 (64.1)

0.381

20 (64.5)

238 (63.1)

536 (60.39)

0.170

 - Sensory impairments

65 (5.0)

73 (5.5)

3 (2.7)

21 (4.2)

41 (6.1)

0.176

4 (12.9)

23 (6.1)

46 (5.0)

0.121

Comorbidity, count, n (%)

0.45

0.23

 - 0

214 (16.6)

184 (13.8)

14 (12.7)

88 (17.5)

112 (16.6)

5 (16.1)

43 (11.4)

136 (14.7)

 - 1 or 2

738 (57.3)

727 (54.5)

74 (67.3)

294 (58.4)

370 (54.7)

16 (51.6)

207 (54.9)

504 (54.5)

 - 3 or 4

280 (21.7)

334 (25.1)

18 (16.4)

97 (19.3)

165 (24.4)

8 (25.8)

97 (25.7)

229 (24.8)

 - 5 or more

57 (4.4)

88 (6.6)

4 (3.6)

24 (4.8)

29 (4.3)

2 (6.5)

30 (8.0)

56 (6.1)

Preoperative PT, n (%)

728 (56.5)

676 (50.7)

63 (57.3)

246 (50.9)

419 (64.3)

< 0.001

13 (41.9)

167 (47.7)

496 (55.6)

0.037

Postoperative PT; n (%)

0.433

0.028

 - Primary care

1038 (89.6)

1171 (92.3)

-

437 (88.8)

601 (90.2)

-

331 (89.7)

840 (93.3)

 - Secondary care

120 (10.4)

98 (7.7)

-

55 (11.2)

65 (9.8)

-

38 (10.3)

60 (6.7)

Frequency postoperative PT; n (%)

-

< 0.001

< 0.001

 - 1 × per week

556 (47.5)

397 (30.6)

-

295 (59.4)

261 (38.8)

-

178 (47.5)

219 (23.7)

 - 2 × per week

572 (48.9)

853 (65.7)

-

178 (35.8)

394 (58.5)

-

190 (50.7)

663 (71.8)

 - ≥ 3 × per week

42 (3.6)

48 (3.7)

-

24 (4.8)

18 (2.7)

-

7 (1.9)

41 (4.4)

HOOS or KOOS

 - Symptoms

40.9 (18.5)

49.8 (18.3)

42.6 (19.7)

42.3 (18.4)

39.6 (18.3)

0.030

50.7 (20.2)

50.9 (18.3)

49.3 (18.3)

0.345

 - Pain

39.1 (18.5)

39.4 (17.4)

41.6 (22.7)

40.7 (18.5)

37.6 (17.7)

0.008

37.1 (16.5)

40.3 (16.5)

39.1 (17.8)

0.404

 - ADL

41.6 (19.2)

45.9 (18.1)

43.1 (21.5)

43.4 (19.0)

39.9 (18.8)

0.007

44.8 (21.6)

46.8 (17.7)

45.6 (18.2)

0.544

 - Sport

19.6 (18.9)

10.7 (14.2)

20.4 (18.7)

20.5 (19.1)

18.7 (18.8)

0.236

10.5 (16.5)

11.5 (14.4)

10.4 (14.1)

0.452

 - Quality of life

29.5 (16.4)

26.5 (15.3)

29.6 (16.8)

31.3 (17.3)

28.2 (15.5)

0.007

25.3 (17.0)

27.6 (15.5)

26.1 (15.1)

0.266

NRS pain score;

 - During rest

4.6 (2.5)

4.7 (2.6)

4.0 (2.5)

4.7 (2.4)

4.8 (2.6)

0.014

5.8 (2.9)

4.3 (2.5)

4.8 (2.6)

0.035

 - During activity

6.8 (2.2)

6.7 (2.5)

6.5 (2.3)

6.7 (2.3)

6.9 (2.1)

0.287

7.4 (2.5)

6.4 (2.7)

6.7 (2.4)

0.230

SF-12

 - MCS

53.7 (10.2)

54.9 (9.6)

53.4 (11.7)

54.1 (9.8)

53.4 (10.3)

0.434

53.6 (10.7)

55.1 (9.6)

54.8 (9.6)

0.705

 - PCS

32.9 (6.2)

32.9 (6.1)

32.5 (6.5)

33.2 (6.3)

32.8 (6.0)

0.333

33.3 (6.1)

32.9 (6.1)

32.8 (6.1)

0.895

Duration of PT; n (%)

 - No PT

110 (9.1)

31 (2.2)

 - 4 weeks

126 (10.4)

75 (5.3)

 - 6 weeks

160 (13.2)

142 (10.1)

 - 8 weeks

217 (17.9)

160 (11.3)

 - > 12 week

676 (55.9)

925 (65.5)