Fig. 4

A Preoperative X-ray of patient; B Preoperative CT showed L4/5 spondylolisthesis facet joints hyperplasia and degeneration, MRI showed L4/5 spinal stenosis. C Robot-assisted intraoperative positioning and intraoperative fluoroscopy
A Preoperative X-ray of patient; B Preoperative CT showed L4/5 spondylolisthesis facet joints hyperplasia and degeneration, MRI showed L4/5 spinal stenosis. C Robot-assisted intraoperative positioning and intraoperative fluoroscopy