Table 2 Comparison of Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) between chronic TMD patients and healthy controls

Parameter

n (%) or Mean ± SD

n (%) or Mean ± SD

PSQI

 Component 1: Subjective sleep quality (0–3) ^a

1.50 ± 0.79

0.59 ± 0.61

<  0.001***

 Component 2: Sleep latency (0–3) ^a

0.83 ± 0.97

0.42 ± 0.72

< 0.001***

 Component 3: Sleep duration (0–3) ^a

0.72 ± 0.91

0.61 ± 0.79

0.035*

 Component 4: Sleep efficiency (0–3) ^a

0.38 ± 0.79

0.11 ± 0.36

<  0.001***

 Component 5: Sleep disturbances (0–3) ^a

1.20 ± 0.63

0.45 ± 0.60

< 0.001***

 Component 6: Use of sleep medication (0–3) ^a

0.15 ± 0.54

0.04 ± 0.28

0.001**

 Component 7: Daytime dysfunction (0–3) ^a

1.41 ± 0.90

1.79 ± 1.04

<  0.001***

 PSQI global score (0–21) ^a

6.25 ± 2.77

3.84 ± 2.29

< 0.001***

 Poor sleeper (PSQI global score ≥ 5) ^b

286 (56.9)

40 (22.2)

< 0.001***