Bidirectional association between knee osteoarthritis and depressive symptoms: evidence from a nationwide population-based cohort

Table 3 Incidence and Hazard Ratios for Knee Osteoarthritis in Association with Depressive Symptoms, Overall and Stratified by Age and Sex (N = 4293)

	With DS at baseline		Without DS at baseline		Adjusted HR (95% CI)	P
	Event / at risk	Incidence rate	Event/at risk	Incidence rate
	(n / person-months)	per 1000 person-months	(n / person-months)	per 1000 person-months
Overall	267 / 68,565	3.89	202 / 126,723	1.59	1.51 (1.23–1.84)	< 0.001
Age < 65	192 / 48,068	3.99	140 / 91,970	1.52	1.62 (1.27–2.07)	< 0.001
Male	68 / 19,965	3.41	58 / 50,866	1.14	1.64 (1.09–2.48)	0.017
Female	124 / 28,103	4.41	82 / 41,104	1.99	1.59 (1.16–2.17)	0.004
Age ≥ 65	75 / 20,497	3.66	62 / 34,753	1.78	1.35 (0.93–1.96)	0.115
Male	34 / 10,397	3.27	27 / 21,430	1.26	1.34 (0.74–2.40)	0.33
Female	41 / 10,100	4.06	35 / 13,323	2.63	1.31 (0.79–2.16)	0.29

The P-value for DS-sex interaction was 0.346. The P-value for DS-age interaction was 0.325.

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