Table 4 ROM of the intact and surgical models

L3/4

5.94

6.03

5.47

5.58

6.30

5.78

5.83

6.05

L4/5

6.45

6.93

2.27

1.40

1.93

1.24

1.21

1.01

L5/S1

7.60

8.02

7.57

7.72

8.31

7.88

9.45

9.59

Extension

Intact

PD

PD + SIS

PD + SPI

Cage

Cage+SIS

Cage+SPI

Cage+PI

L3/4

0.55

0.36

0.50

0.51

0.45

0.53

0.53

0.56

L4/5

2.56

2.72

1.58

1.12

0.98

0.85

0.86

0.88

L5/S1

3.42

3.64

3.53

3.49

3.6

3.52

4.45

4.46

Lateral bending

Intact

PD

PD + SIS

PD + SPI

Cage

Cage+SIS

Cage+SPI

Cage+PI

L3/4

1.85

3.43

2.18

1.92

2.17

2.18

1.60

1.86

L4/5

2.82

3.11

2.88

1.15

1.45

1.40

1.39

0.98

L5/S1

2.27

2.63

2.62

2.42

2.51

2.53

2.86

2.89

Axial rotation

Intact

PD

PD + SIS

PD + SPI

Cage

Cage+SIS

Cage+SPI

Cage+PI

L3/4

2.80

2.77

2.78

2.95

2.87

2.87

2.95

2.89

L4/5

1.44

1.55

1.51

1.23

1.15

1.12

0.27

0.26

L5/S1

2.43

2.39

2.39

2.69

2.39

2.42

2.68

2.69