Table 4 Effects of external knee adduction moments on intensity of pain measured by VAS and KOOS
| Â | Estimate | Standard error | Standard estimate | 95% CI | P value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
VAS | |||||
  Direct | -2.50 | 1.61 | -0.21 | -5.66, 0.67 | 0.12 |
  Indirect | -1.61 | 0.83 | -0.14 | -3.23, 0.02 | 0.05 |
  Total | -4.10 | 0.16 | -0.35 | -7.21, -1.00 | 0.01 |
KOOS | |||||
  Direct | -18.06 | 15.04 | -0.19 | -47.53, 11.41 | 0.23 |
  Indirect | 5.38 | 6.07 | 0.08 | -6.52, 17.27 | 0.38 |
  Total | -12.69 | 14.09 | -0.13 | -40.30, 14.93 | 0.37 |