| Current smoker | Former smoker | Nonsmoker | P value |
---|---|---|---|---|
Number of patients | 16 | 18 | 68 | Â |
Final Outcomes | ||||
JOA | 15.63 ± 0.81 | 15.67 ± 1.08 | 15.72 ± 1.03 | 0.935 |
NDI | 9.13 ± 3.63 | 7.89 ± 2.81 | 8.07 ± 2.71 | 0.374 |
VAS-arm | 1.69 ± 0.70 | 1.56 ± 0.86 | 1.65 ± 0.94 | 0.901 |
VAS-neck | 1.50 ± 0.52 | 1.56 ± 0.51 | 1.47 ± 0.61 | 0.857 |
Segmental ROM | 8.70 ± 4.12 | 8.12 ± 4.04 | 8.22 ± 4.18 | 0.902 |
C2-7 ROM | 36.23 ± 12.00 | 38.14 ± 13.02 | 37.95 ± 10.96 | 0.853 |
Early fusion effect | 1.92 ± 0.75 | 2.34 ± 1.02 | 3.34 ± 1.02 |  < 0.001* |
1-year fusion rate | 11 | 16 | 65 | 0.006* |