Table 2 Summary of pathologies, affected cohort and use of controls
Paper | Cohort pathology | Affected cohort size | Affected cohort sex (F:M) | Affected cohort age (years) [Mean (SD)] | Affected cohort mass (Kg) [Mean (SD)] | Affected cohort height (m) [Mean (SD)] | Control group? | Control group matching |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Stroke (n = 8) | ||||||||
Hak, et al. (2013) [14] | Stroke Left hemiparesis (n = 6) Right hemiparesis (n = 4) Acute (n = 4) Chronic14 (n = 6) | 10 | Not specified | 60.8 (8.4) | 88.4 (8.5) | 1.79 (0.07) | Yes | Age |
Kao, et al. (2014) [27] | Stroke Chronic (n = 9) | 9 | 4:5 | 60.8 (9.0) | Not specified | Not specified | Yes | Age, sex |
Hak, et al. (2015) [23] | Stroke Left hemiparesis (n = 5) Right hemiparesis (n = 5) Acute (n = 6) Chronic (n = 4) | 10 | 4:6 | 57.6 (15.4) | 77.9 (16.5) | 1.72 (0.11) | No | n/a |
van Meulen, et al. (2016) [20] | Stroke Left hemiparesis (n = 10) Chronic (n = 10) | 10 | 3:7 | 63.2 (8.9) | 91.0 (9.8) | 1.74 (0.09) | No | n/a |
van Meulen, et al. (2016) [19] | Stroke Left hemiparesis (n = 11) Right hemiparesis (n = 2) Chronic (n = 13) | 13 | 5:8 | 64.1 (8.7) | 87.67 (10.47) | 1.73 (0.10) | No | n/a |
Vistamehr, et al. (2016) [26] | Stroke Left hemiparesis (n = 16) Right hemiparesis (n = 3) Chronic (n = 19) | 19 | 6:13 | 62.0 (11.0) | Not specified | Not specified | No | n/a |
Punt, et al. (2017) [24] | Stroke Left hemiparesis (n = 12) Right hemiparesis (n = 26) Chronic (n = 38) | 38 | 20:18 | Non-fallers: 55.0 (12.2) Fallers: 65.4 (6.7) | Non-fallers: 87.0 (19.0) Fallers: 83.0 (20.1) | Non-fallers: 1.72 (0.10) Fallers: 1.71 (0.13) | No | n/a |
Tisserand, et al. (2018) [25] | Stroke Left hemiparesis (n = 4) Right hemiparesis (n = 8) Chronic (n = 10) | 12 | 5:7 | 58.2 (10.0) | 85.5 (35.5) | 1.66 (0.17) | Yes | Age, anthropometric parameters |
Unilateral Transtibial Amputation (n = 5) | ||||||||
Curtze, et al. (2011) [33] | Unilateral transtibial amputation Traumatic (n = 11) Vascular disease (n = 6) Limb deficiency (n = 1) | 18 | 0:18 | 55.6 (9.5) | 90.3 (14.37) | 1.83 (0.05) | Yes | Not specified |
Gates, et al. (2013) [32] | Unilateral transtibial amputation Traumatic (n = 13) | 13 | 1:12 | 28.0 (4.0) | 88.6 (14.4) | 1.81 (0.09) | Yes | Not specified |
Hak, et al. (2013) [31] | Unilateral transtibial amputees Traumatic (n = 9) Complex regional pain syndrome (n = 1) | 10 | 1:9 | 38.8 (14.6) | 87.1 (10.3) | 1.83 (0.11) | Yes | Age |
Beltran, et al. (2014) [30] | Unilateral transtibial amputees Traumatic (n = 9) | 9 | 0:9 | 30.7 (6.8) | 90.2 (16.1) | 1.76 (0.11) | Yes | Not specified |
Hak, et al. (2014) [28] | Unilateral transtibial amputees Traumatic (n = 8), Dysvascular (n = 1) Other (n = 1) | 10 | 1:9 | 38.8 (14.6) | 87.1 (9.76) | 1.83 (0.11) | No | n/a |
Other amputation (n = 4) | ||||||||
Hof, et al. (2007) [34] | Unilateral transfemoral amputation | 6 | 2:4 | 40.5 (6.0) | 69.3 (19.1) | 1.74 (0.08) | Yes | Leg length, mass, sex |
Major, et al. (2013) [3] | Bilateral transtibial amputees Vascular (n = 5) Traumatic (n = 3) Congenital (n = 1) Meningitis (n = 1) | 10 | Not specified | 50.0 (18.0) | 82.0 (16.0) | 1.73 (0.08) | Yes | Age, gait speed |
Brandt, et al. (2019) [29] | Unilateral transfemoral amputee or knee disarticulation Trauma (n = 3) Cancer (n = 2) Congenital (n = 1) | 6 | 1:5 | 40.8 (19.7) | 68.2 (13.5) | 1.75 (0.05) | No | n/a |
Major, et al. (2019) [35] | Transradial and transhumeral amputees Transradial (n = 7) Transhumeral (n = 3) | 10 | 3:7 | 50.0 (19.0) | 75.3 (18.6) | 1.75 (0.08) | No | n/a |
Spinal cord injury (SCI) (n = 2) | ||||||||
Day, et al. (2012) [38] | SCI Cervical (n = 7) Thoracic (n = 3) | 10 | 4:6 | 42.6 (14.2) | Not specified | Not specified | Yes | Not specified |
Arora, et al. (2019) [13] | SCI Tetraplegic (n = 11) Paraplegic (n = 9) | 20 | 5:15 | 60.1 (17.8) | Not specified | Not specified | Yes | Age, sex |
Multiple Sclerosis (MS) (n = 2) | ||||||||
Peebles, et al. (2016) [12] | MS | 40 | 28:12 | No gait impairment: 45.8 (8.6) Gait impairment: 45.9 (8.7) | Not specified | Not specified | Yes | Not specified |
Peebles, et al. (2017) [39] | MS | 55 | 39:16 | Non-fallers: 45.9 (9.5) Fallers: 46.6 (10.1) | Not specified | Not specified | Yes | Not specified |
Parkinson’s Disease (PD) (n = 3) | ||||||||
Stegemöller, et al. (2012) [37] | PD | 10 | Not specified | 62.0 (9.3) | 87.7 (20.5) | 1.72 (11.0) | Yes | Age, sex |
Catalá, et al. (2016) [36] | PD | 25 | Not specified | 48.0 (5.0) | 77.6 (16.6) | 1.72 (0.08) | Yes | Age, anthropometric parameters, sport activity level |
Martelli, et al. (2017) [11] | PD | 9 | 2:7 | 64.3 (7.4) | 75.5 (15.7) | 1.70 (0.06) | Yes | Age |
Miscellaneous (n = 7) | ||||||||
McCrum, et al. (2014) [18] | Unilateral peripheral vestibular disorder (UPVD) | 17 | 10:7 | 49.0 (9.0) | 73.8 (14.1) | 1.71 (7.3) | Yes | Age, anthropometric parameters, sport activity level, sex |
Hoogkamer, et al. (2015) [44] | Cerebellar lesions Pilocytic Astrocytoma (n = 8) Medulloblastoma (n = 5) Astrocytoma grade II (n = 2) Astrocytoma grade III (n = 1) Lhermitte Duclos Disease (n = 1) Hemangioblastoma (n = 1)) | 18 | 13:5 | 24.4 (7.3) | Not specified | Not specified | Yes | Not specified |
Rijken, et al. (2015) [40] | Facioscapulohumeral muscular dystrophy | 10 | 3:7 | 49.0 (5.0) | 76.0 (12.0) | 1.78 (0.07) | Yes | Age, sex |
Ghomian, et al. (2017) [43] | Diabetes Mellitus | 1 | 1 | 50 | Not specified | Not specified | No | n/a |
Simon, et al. (2017) [42] | Spinal deformity Lytic spondylolisthesis (n = 6) Scoliosis (n = 4) Kyphotic deformity (n = 4) Flatback secondary to spinal fusion (n = 2) Degenerative kypho-scoliosis (n = 1) | 17 | 15:2 | 37.1 (26.0) | Not specified | 1.61 (0.02) | Yes | Not specified |
van Vugt, et al. (2019) [41] | Hereditary spastic paraparesis | 10 | 4:6 | 53.5 (11.5) | 81.4 (15.2) | Not specified | Yes | Age |
de Jong, et al. (2020) [45] | “Balance problems” SCI (n = 15) Stroke (n = 15) Other (n = 15) | 56 | 18:38 | SCI: 57.7 (11.5) Stroke: 54.9 (15.6) Other: 58.8 (14.6) | SCI: 84.1 (6.7) Stroke: 75.3 (19.6) Other: 82.8 (14.3) | SCI: 1.79 (7.3) Stroke: 1.71 (10.3) Other: 1.75 (10.3) | Yes | Not specified |