Table 2 Mean Change, Standardized Effect Size, Standardized Response Mean and Responsiveness Statistic of EQ-5D Score and EQ-VAS by Disease Activity and GRS
From: Responsiveness of the EuroQoL 5-Dimension (EQ-5D) questionnaire in patients with spondyloarthritis
Measure/subscale | Baseline (Mean±SD) | At follow-up (Mean±SD) | Paired difference (Mean±SD) | P-value | SES (95% CI) | SRM (95% CI) | RS (95% CI) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Disease activity measured by BASDAI | |||||||
 Worsened group (N=13) | |||||||
  EQ-5D score | 0.79±0.11 | 0.71±0.14 | -0.08±0.08 | 0.004* | -0.70 (-1.05,-0.31) | -1.00 (-1.51,-0.45) | -0.74 (-1.12,-0.33) |
  EQ-VAS | 56.92±17.02 | 54.46±13.56 | -2.46±15.45 | 0.576 | -0.14 (-0.70,0.27) | -0.16 (-0.77,0.30) | -0.12 (-0.56,0.22) |
 Unchanged group (N=88) | |||||||
  EQ-5D score | 0.81±0.18 | 0.80±0.20 | -0.01±0.11 | 0.435 | -0.05 (-0.17,0.08) | -0.08 (-0.29,0.13) | -0.08 (-0.29,0.13) |
  EQ-VAS | 66.69±17.39 | 65.31±19.01 | -1.39±21.34 | 0.544 | -0.08 (-0.36,0.16) | -0.06 (-0.29,0.13) | -0.06 (-0.29,0.13) |
 Improved group (N=12) | |||||||
  EQ-5D score | 0.71±0.13 | 0.83±0.11 | 0.11±0.13 | 0.012* | 0.84 (0.42,1.48) | 0.87 (0.44,1.54) | 1.05 (0.53,1.86) |
  EQ-VAS | 60.25±13.46 | 67.17±11.61 | 6.92±13.61 | 0.106 | 0.51 (-0.09,1.00) | 0.51 (-0.09,0.99) | 0.32 (-0.05,0.63) |
Clinical improvement measured by MCII of BASDAI | |||||||
 Clinically improved group (N=15) | |||||||
  EQ-5D score | 0.69±0.14 | 0.84±0.13 | 0.15±0.12 | 0.001* | 1.07 (0.47,1.81) | 1.19 (0.55,1.67) | 1.03 (0.48,1.60) |
  EQ-VAS | 56.20±18.18 | 65.40±14.8 | 9.20±20.64 | 0.106 | 0.55 (-0.05,1.29) | 0.45 (-0.13,1.06) | 0.51 (-0.06,1.13) |
 Unchanged or no clinical improvement (N=98) | |||||||
  EQ-5D score | 0.81±0.17 | 0.80±0.18 | -0.01±0.11 | 0.287 | -0.07 (-0.21,0.06) | -0.11 (-0.34,0.08) | -0.07 (-0.21,0.06) |
  EQ-VAS | 66.21±16.75 | 64.08±18.57 | -2.13±19.71 | 0.282 | -0.12 (-0.34,0.08) | -0.11 (-0.30,0.09) | -0.13 (-0.38,0.09) |
Clinical improvement measured by MCII of BASFI | |||||||
 Clinically improved group (N=16) | |||||||
  EQ-5D score | 0.62±0.19 | 0.76±0.17 | 0.14±0.13 | 0.001* | 0.79 (0.45,1.23) | 1.12 (0.74,1.48) | 0.73 (0.41,1.22) |
  EQ-VAS | 54.06±19.81 | 62.81±14.80 | 8.75±23.13 | 0.151 | 0.50 (-0.31,1.12) | 0.38 (-0.24, 1.01) | 0.44 (-0.27,1.02) |
Unchanged or no clinical improvement (N=97) | |||||||
  EQ-5D score | 0.83±0.15 | 0.81±0.17 | -0.01±0.11 | 0.268 | -0.08 (-0.22,0.06) | -0.11 (-0.32,0.09) | -0.08 (-0.24,0.06) |
  EQ-VAS | 66.67±16.16 | 64.49±18.61 | -2.18±19.27 | 0.269 | -0.12 (-0.36,0.10) | -0.11 (-0.31,0.09) | -0.13 (-0.42,0.10) |
Disease activity measured by ASDAS-CRP | |||||||
 Clinically improved group (N=0) | |||||||
  EQ-5D score |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
  EQ-VAS |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
 Not clinically improved group (N=113) | |||||||
  EQ-5D score | 0.80±0.17 | 0.79±0.18 | 0.00±0.11 | 0.706 | -0.02 (-0.15,0.10) | -0.04 (-0.22,0.16) |  |
  EQ-VAS | 64.88±17.21 | 64.26±18.07 | -0.63±20.11 | 0.740 | -0.04 (-0.26,0.16) | -0.03 (-0.22,0.14) |  |
Global rating of change | |||||||
 Worsened group (N=39) | |||||||
  EQ-5D score | 0.78±0.13 | 0.77±0.14 | -0.01±0.10 | 0.754 | -0.04 (-0.26,0.21) | -0.05 (-0.34,0.28) | -0.05 (-0.31,0.26) |
  EQ-VAS | 62.90±15.53 | 58.49±14.83 | -4.41±20.33 | 0.184 | -0.28 (-0.72,0.10) | -0.22 (-0.55,0.08) | -0.21 (-0.53,0.07) |
 Unchanged group (N=35) | |||||||
  EQ-5D score | 0.80±0.18 | 0.79±0.19 | -0.01±0.11 | 0.671 | -0.04 (-0.24,0.15) | -0.07 (-0.40,0.25) | -0.07 (-0.40,0.25) |
  EQ-VAS | 66.69±18.65 | 60.00±19.89 | -6.69±21.04 | 0.069 | -0.36 (-0.76,0.00) | -0.32 (-0.67,0.00) | -0.32 (-0.67,0.00) |
 Improved group (N=24) | |||||||
  EQ-5D score | 0.83±0.17 | 0.86±0.12 | 0.03±0.13 | 0.286 | 0.17 (-0.08,0.55) | 0.22 (-0.10,0.73) | 0.26 (-0.12,0.85) |
  EQ-VAS | 68.96±15.32 | 77.33±13.15 | 8.38±14.80 | 0.011* | 0.55 (0.22,1.00) | 0.57 (0.23,1.03) | 0.40 (0.16,0.72) |