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Table 2 Comparison of the various parameters measured before and after surgery

From: Double-trajectory lumbar screw placement guided by a set of 3D-printed surgical guide templates: a cadaver study

Lumbar vertebral body

Sagittal angle of the CBT screws (°)

T-value

P-value

Axial angle of the CBT screws (°)

T-value

P-value

Sagittal angle of the TPT screws (°)

T-value

P-value

Axial angle of the TPT screws (°)

T-value

P-value

Preoperative

Postoperative

Preoperative

Postoperative

Preoperative

Postoperative

Preoperative

Postoperative

L1

20.6 ± 1.1

19.9 ± 1.0

1.646

0.114

25.7 ± 0.9

24.9 ± 1.4

1.484

0.152

3.4 ± 0.8

3.2 ± 0.9

0.497

0.624

18.4 ± 2.7

19.3 ± 2.7

− 0.830

0.415

L2

17.9 ± 1.0

18.2 ± 1.4

− 0.534

0.599

21.7 ± 1.7

21.4 ± 1.6

0.465

0.646

3.3 ± 0.9

3.6 ± 0.9

−0.914

0.371

15.3 ± 3.2

14.6 ± 2.1

0.658

0.519

L3

19.2 ± 0.9

18.9 ± 0.9

1.004

0.326

20.9 ± 2.7

21.2 ± 2.1

−0.242

0.811

5.1 ± 0.6

4.9 ± 0.7

0.555

0.585

15.4 ± 1.0

15.0 ± 1.0

0.817

0.423

L4

17.3 ± 1.5

16.9 ± 1.4

0.827

0.417

25.6 ± 1.2

23.6 ± 3.5

1.935

0.066

11.2 ± 1.4

10.9 ± 1.5

0.366

0.718

18.6 ± 2.6

19.9 ± 2.2

−1.246

0.226

L5

19.5 ± 0.6

20.1 ± 1.0

− 1.710

0.101

27.9 ± 1.5

27.4 ± 1.2

0.926

0.365

11.0 ± 1.3

11.5 ± 1.5

− 0.985

0.335

19.9 ± 2.7

21.9 ± 2.6

−1.867

0.075