Fig. 2

A 69-year-old female patient underwent decompression and instrumented posterolateral fusion using Grafton® (left side) and DBX® (right side) DBMs/local autograft composites at L3–4-5. At 12 months postoperative, L3–5 on the DBX® side (white arrows) and L3–4 on the Grafton® side (yellow arrow) were defined as nonunions on anteroposterior radiograph (a) and coronal two-dimensional computed tomography images (b and c). At 24 months postoperatively, L3–5 on both sides was defined as fusion on both anteroposterior radiograph (d) and coronal computed tomography images (e and f)