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Table 2 Values of radiographic parameters of both groups with corresponding p-values. SD: standard deviation. n.s.: not significant. Note: “minus sign” of values if distal line in relation to proximal line of the angle directs towards abduction in the d.-p. view or elevation in the lateral view

From: Is it possible to define reference values for radiographic parameters evaluating juvenile flatfoot deformity? A case-control study

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Parameter

Mean (±SD)

p-value

Group 1

Group 2

d.-p.

Talocalcaneal angle

21.6(±4.5)

22.6 (±7.2)

n.s.

Talonavicular coverage

−17.1(±7.5)

−34.1(±8.3)

< 0.01

Talo-first-metatarsal-base angle

−10.0(±4.9)

−21.3(±6.9)

< 0.01

Calcaneus-fifth-metatarsal angle

−5.2(±4.9)

−12.0 (±4.9)

n.s.

Talo-first-metatarsal angle

−5.0 (±5.1)

−13.9(±7.7)

< 0.01

Lateral

Calcaneal-pitch angle

19.0(±5.8)

12.2(±5.3)

n.s.

Costa-Bartani angle

125.5(±5.9)

141.4(±7.2)

< 0.01

Talo-first-metatarsal angle

−12.1(±5.7)

−30.5 (±9.3)

< 0.01

Talocalcaneal angle

53.5(±7.5)

60.1 (±6.3)

n.s.

d.-p. and lateral

Talometatarsal index

−22.1(±8.4)

−58.1(±13.7)

< 0.01

Talocalcaneal index

75.1(±9.0)

82.7(±7.5)

n.s.