Table 4 Descriptive data of female healthcare workers with recurrent low-back pain (LBP) by the level of symptoms of depression measured with the modified Finnish version of the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9-mFIN)

Pain

mean (95% CI)

mean (95% CI)

mean (95% CI)

mean (95% CI)

p-value

 Intensity of LBP: VAS (0–100 mm)

30.2 (25.0 to 35.4)

37.3 (32.5 to 42.2)

40.0 (34.4 to 45.6)

36.1 (33.1 to 39.1)

0.039

2 (0.9)

 Number of musculoskeletal painsites (0–4)

2.8 (2.5 to 3.0)

3.3 (3.0 to 3.6)

3.6 (3.2 to 4.0)

3.2 (3.1 to 3.4)

0.001

2 (0.9)

 Lumbar exertion after workdays(1–5)

2.7 (2.5 to 3.0)

3.1 (3.0 to 3.3)

3.3 (3.0 to 3.6)

3.1 (2.9 to 3.2)

0.003

4 (1.8)

Functioning

 Recovery after workdays (1–5)

2.2 (2.0 to 2.4)

2.6 (2.4 to 2.8)

3.2 (3.0 to 3.4)

2.7 (2.5 to 2.8)

< 0.001

1 (0.5)

 Modified push-ups (n/40s)

9.9 (9.2 to 10.7)

9.1 (8.5 to 9.7)

8.0 (7.2 to 8.8)

9.0 (8.6 to 9.5)

0.001

7 (3.2)

 Predicted VO₂max (ml/min/kg)^a

32.9 (31.8 to 34.0)

31.8 (30.8 to 32.8)

30.3 (29.0 to 31.6)

31.7 (31.0 to 32.4)

0.009

8 (3.7)

Participation/Disability

 Work Ability Score (0–10)

8.4 (8.1 to 8.6)

7.9 (7.7 to 8.1)

7.0 (6.6 to 7.4)

7.8 (7.6 to 8.0)

< 0.001

1 (0.5)

 Work stress: effort-rewardimbalance (0.2–5):

1.5 (1.4 to 1.6)

1.6 (1.5 to 1.8)

1.7 (1.6 to 1.8)

1.6 (1.6 to 1.7)

0.014

2 (0.9)

Individual factors

 FABs^b related to work (0–48) ^c

11.8 (10.2 to 13.4)

13.9 (12.6 to 15.1)

14.1 (12.5 to 15.8)

13.4 (12.5 to 14.2)

< 0.001

2 (0.9)

 FABs related to physicalactivity (0–30)

8.0 (6.2 to 9.9)

11.4 (9.9 to 12.9)

13.2 (10.8 to 15.6)

10.9 (9.9 to 12.0)

0.099

10 (4.6)